DON’T LOOK BACK IN MANGA: The History of the Legendary UK Video Label

Thirty years ago, anime didn’t exist. Well, it did, but unless you were a hardcore otaku you didn’t know about it, even though you’d probably seen retooled anime shows like Battle of the Planets (Science Ninja Team Gatchaman in its original form) and were vaguely aware that they made cartoons in the Far East.

Akira changed everything. Thirty years since its UK release, the movie was a surprise hit for a small distribution company – Island Visual Arts (a subsidiary of the famous record label) – and led to the formation of one of the most important influences on the UK nascent anime scene. But let’s not get ahead of ourselves…

The mid-1980s was a boom time for home video. Previously, commercial releases were prohibitively expensive, and people mostly consumed them through video rental shops. The vast majority of releases were feature films. If you wanted to watch episodes of a TV show, you pretty much had to wait until it aired again in your region, or be lucky enough to have taped it off the telly (ssshhhh, don’t tell the police!) when it was last shown. And foreign stuff? Well, unless you were willing to defy the Daily Mail and watch Channel 4 late at night (rather than put your boot through the screen, as they advised), you were out of luck.

Then Chris Blackwell, head of Island Records, spotted a gap in the market and formed a division devoted solely to VHS releases, called Island Visual Arts. He appointed his go-getter marketing director Andy Frain to head up the company, and they put out mostly music-related releases from the likes of U2, Level 42, and Bob Marley, alongside some documentaries and educational films.

Looking to diversify, in 1991 they secured the distribution rights to Akira, and gave it a low-key release in art cinemas across the UK, expecting the usual arthouse reception, and were blown away by the reaction. They had a cult hit on their hands. This spurred Frain into action, and he created Manga Video (something of an oxymoron) to cash in on the sudden popularity of the Japanese art form.

The hits came thick and fast, with Urotsukidōji: Legend of the Overfiend and Fist of the North Star shifting units, although nothing quite reached the scale of Akira. Much of Manga Video’s early output was dubbed, as was the fashion of the time, and these engendered a love/hate reaction from fans. The first releases tended towards the racier, violent end of anime, and the voiceovers reflected this, often going an extra yard to ensure a 15 or 18 certificate, all important for that edgy, adult label that anime had developed.

A thriving subculture emerged, with magazines dedicated to the medium appearing in WHSmith and anime panels edging into the comic conventions of the day. BBC Two even commissioned a young turk called Jonathan Ross (whatever happened to him?) to produce a documentary. Anime was big.

Eager for another blockbuster hit, Frain caught wind of Ghost in the Shell early, hearing that Production IG was animating Mamoru Oishii’s manga, and figured it would be a massive hit. Inveigling his way onto the production as co-executive producer, he promised a simultaneous worldwide release for the movie and bought US anime label LA Hero, which he renamed Manga Video USA.

Manga Video USA made an immediate splash, issuing a full catalogue of VHS releases at a lower price than their competitors, and using Island’s distribution network to ensure they reached nationwide stores. As it turned out, Ghost in the Shell was critically acclaimed but did not set the box office on fire, and despite the wider success of Manga Video USA, Frain stepped down as head of the concern.

By the end of the twentieth century, the business hit some choppy waters. Decent licences were becoming hard to acquire – Japanese companies began expanding their operations worldwide and keeping their more prized possessions for themselves – and the original London office was closed. All future operations would be overseen from Chicago. Chris Blackwell had left Island in 1997, after earlier selling the label to Polygram, and with the company – and its subsidiaries – again about to be merged into the Universal Music Group, he stepped in and bought back Manga Entertainment (as it had become known). He intended to run it in partnership with Palm Pictures, his film distribution outfit, but the two never really gelled and he again sold Manga Entertainment, this time to Anchor Bay in 2004.

This lasted for two years, until Anchor Bay – under pressure from all sides, with two of their executives under investigation by the Securities and Exchange Commission (which oversees financial services in the US) – collapsed, and Manga Entertainment was on the move again, this time to Starz Media when the cable channel bought all of Anchor Bay’s properties. Starz immediately laid off all of Manga’s staff in Chicago, and basically shut the label down.

While all this was happening, Manga Entertainment’s UK office had re-opened, and it survived the turmoil of the move to Starz and began releasing DVDs in conjunction with Funimation and Viz Media, amongst others. They also started a fortnightly magazine, which lasted for four years, mostly covering their own licenses but also the wider anime and manga industries, and began to re-establish themselves as the go-to anime distributor in the UK under Jerome Mazandarani and Andrew Hewson.

The rise of online streaming caused problems for Manga UK, as the Starz office in New York insisted on handling digital rights, separately from the DVD rights held by London. This led to those rights being sold to iTunes and Netflix in the UK, directly competing with the DVD releases from the London office. Eventually, Mazandarani and Hewson had enough and walked out to establish Animatsu, their own anime licensing company. Starz then sold Manga Entertainment UK (along with Anchor Bay UK), and absorbed into Platform Entertainment. Starz Media, who kept hold of Manga Entertainment USA, was bought by Lionsgate in 2016, who technically still own that brand.

Manga UK had all but joined its US sibling, with all DVD orders currently filled by MVM, but their Twitter account is still very active, and there is light at the end of the tunnel. In a recent interview, Mazandarani revealed that Animatsu were about to start using the Manga Entertainment brand to distribute licences they’ve acquired, while still keeping Animatsu as a separate brand for less straightforward deals. They even aim to produce their own original content, something which Netflix has had great success with and which Crunchyroll – the leading name in anime streaming – is dipping its toe into later this year.

There is a generation of anime fans that would not be anime fans if it were not for Manga UK. The splash made by their acquisition of Akira, and the subsequent releases that were the in-thing for a moment in the early nineties, changed the lives of thousands of young men and women. That the brand still has a future in this uncertain world is heartening, and STARBURST’s resident otakus eagerly await the return of the cross and rising sun logo. Who knows? Maybe there’ll be another Akira, and the whole thing will kick off all over again…

THE BEST OF MANGA UK RELEASES

Fist of the North Star (1992)

In a civilisation ruined by a worldwide nuclear war, scarred battler Kenshiro searches for his fiancée and the man who kidnapped her… As you’d expect from any movie with the word ‘fist’ in its title, this was an all-action blockbuster that has gone on to spawn a thousand remakes and sequels. Big bodies, small heads, a thirty-foot giant getting kicked through a mountain, and the voice talents of genre veteran John Vickery.

Dominion Tank Police (1992)

From the creator of Appleseed (who would later go on to produce Ghost in the Shell), Dominion Tank Police is the tale of Leona Ozaki, a young female officer in the Newport police. So far so normal, except Newport is a post-apocalyptic Japanese city and the police patrol in TANKS. Oh, and the antagonists are a masked gangster and two sexy, gun-toting catgirls. Very funny and with an expletive-ridden English dub, it’s a million miles away from Ghost in the Shell.

Urotsukidoji: Legend of the Overf iend (1992)

The plot of this supernatural disaster movie – every 3000 years a supergod called the Overfiend awakes, and a man-beast called Amano must find him to reunite the human, demon, and man-beast worlds – was overshadowed by its content, and even mentioning its name will engender a reaction of “oh, the tentacle porn?” Still good, despite (because of?) all the writhing.

Project A-Ko (1992)

After an alien spaceship crashes into and destroys Graviton City, the city is rebuilt and this movie centres on students A-Ko, B-Ko, and C-Ko, and a mecha-flavoured love triangle against a background of another alien spaceship approaching the Earth, this time looking for a lost princess… This spoof of popular 1980s anime ticks all the boxes, and throws in some nudity and titillation for good measure. Funny and influential – toast, anyone?

3×3 Eyes (1993)

Pai – the last remaining sanjiyan unkara, or triclops – teams up with Yakumo, a Tokyo teenager working in a gay bar as a cross-dresser, to find an artefact capable of turning her human, along the way encountering giant monsters, the undead, and demon hordes. An adaptation of the first two chapters of a long-running manga, this was a taste of some fascinating world-building.

Doomed Megalopolis (1993)

Set in two distinct time periods in the early twentieth century, Tokyo (the greatest city on Earth) is under threat from Kato, an evil onmyoji (or shaman) descended from Japan’s indigenous tribes, who attempts to summon the onyro of Taira no Masakado, the city’s guardian spirit, to destroy the Japanese empire. Standing in his way is Hikari, a descendent of the 10th-century onmyoji who bound Masakado’s onyro a thousand years before. Darker than the novels it adapted (and also the live-action adaptation of a few years previous), this is overlong but very gory and violent, if you like that sort of thing.

[This article was originally published in STARBURST issue 455, December 2018.]

REIGN OF THE SUPERWOMAN: The Top 20 Comic Book Superheroines

Back in 2019, the STARBURST team got their heads together to pay tribute to the very best female superheroes comic books have to offer in preparation for our CAPTAIN MARVEL cover feature. The result? A definitive countdown of the TOP 20 SUPERHEROINES ever created! Debate no more, for these are the best of the best…

20. BLACK CANARY

In recent years, the landscape of comics has changed as more and more female heroes are finally being positioned as power players alongside their male counterparts. But while that is a relatively recent trend, one lady who’s been kicking ass for the longest time is Black Canary. Whether the Golden Age Dinah Drake incarnation or the Dinah Drake-Lance and Dinah Laurel Lance versions, Canary and her famed Canary Cry have wowed readers as far back as 1947. Elsewhere, Black Canary has appeared in plentiful animated and live-action projects, and will be played by True Blood’s Jurnee Smollet-Bell in next year’s big-screen DC movie, Birds of Prey (And the Fantabulous Emancipation of One Harley Quinn). | AP

19. GAMORA

The Most Dangerous Woman in the Galaxy, Gamora has been knocking around the Marvel universe since the 1970s, but it wasn’t until Zoe Saldana played her in 2014’s Guardians of the Galaxy that she really made her mark. The daughter of Thanos is a fascinating character – despite being brought up by the most evil man in the cosmos, she’s maintained her courageous, selfless nature. In many ways, Gamora was the heart of Avengers: Infinity War, with her death marking the point where things really hit the fan. (For more on the character, turn to page 22.) | CB

18. X-23

Known to most as Laura Kinney, X-23 made her first appearance on X-Men: Evolution, an animated show in 2003, before making her comic book debut in 2004’s NYX. Much like Wolverine, Laura has retractable Adamantium claws on her hands and feet, rapid regeneration and decreased aging. Once a violent and feared assassin, part of the Weapon X programme, Laura turned her life around after coming to the X-Men mansion. She has since led the X-Force, as well as taking over from her adoptive father as Wolverine in 2015’s All-New Wolverine, before reverting back to X-23 in 2018. Her popularity has made her a continued iconic staple in other media, forming part of the roster in video game crossover Marvel vs Capcom 3: Fate of Two Worlds, as well as an incredible starring role by Dafne Keen in 2017’s Logan. | PB

17. SPIDER-WOMAN
Like many a superhero, there have been several different people to take on the moniker of Spider-Woman over the decades, but the person most synonymous with this mantle is Jessica Drew. Whether you prefer the ‘injected by an experimental serum’ or the ‘got her powers in her mother’s womb’ origin story, Jessica is always positioned as quite the badass. With abilities similar to those of Spider-Man, Spider-Woman has the added bonus of being able to manipulate pheromones and project bio-electric energy, plus she’s known as a truly masterful spy who’s been a part of the Avengers, S.H.I.E.L.D. and a whole bunch of other organisations. | AP

16. STORM

She might often be underused in the X-Men movies – and given the occasional awful toad-based line – but Storm is pretty much the First Lady of the X-Men in the comic books and deserves our respect. Her iconic weather-controlling powers have seen her worshipped as a goddess in her native Africa, and her regal, fierce spirit has won the heart of Black Panther, leaving her as Queen of Wakanda for a time. Maybe we’ll see her character finally done justice on screen in the near future, what with the Disney-Fox deal potentially allowing her to show up in the MCU one day, but for now she’ll next appear – as played by Alexandra Shipp – in June’s Dark Phoenix. | CB

15. CAPTAIN MARVEL

Captain Marvel has had a complicated comic book history, with several characters having taken on the mantle since Marvel Comics acquired the rights in the late ‘60s. Now popularised as Carol Danvers thanks to a phenomenally successful relaunch in 2014 (check out the collection Further, Faster, More by writer Kelly Sue DeConnick), and subsequent introduction to the MCU five years later, Captain Marvel is widely considered to be one of the most powerful characters in all of the Marvel Universe, with wit and swagger to match. | KH

14. JEAN GREY

We can safely say that no character in the Marvel Comics Universe has had quite the impact or the storied career that Jean Grey has. As a teenager, she enrolled in Xavier’s School for Gifted Youngsters and was recruited into its namesake’s crime-fighting team the X-Men as their only female member. She possessed an amazing talent for both telepathy and telekinesis, quickly becoming one of their most valuable and powerful members, working under the name of Marvel Girl and graduating the school with full honours. When a new class of X-Men was recruited, Grey left the team, but not for long. She and the X-Men were abducted and held captive on an orbiting space station. On the return trip, she contracted radiation poisoning and began to die. A cosmic sentient entity called the Phoenix Force replicated her body, placing within it some of Grey’s consciousness, while her real body recovered slowly in suspended animation. The new version was called Phoenix, later to become Dark Phoenix, one of the X-Men’s deadliest foes. Dark Phoenix would also adopt the identity of the Black Queen of the Hellfire Club before sanity returned. Ultimately, Grey took her own life to prevent Dark Phoenix from ever rising again. However, by this time, Grey’s original body had recovered and she re-joined her original teammates to form X-Factor, who later reverted back to being X-Men. Marrying Scott Summers (Cyclops) after a long romance, she assumed the name Phoenix once more and re-linked with the Phoenix Force. Slain in battle, she was resurrected yet again and became White Phoenix. Busy lady! | RP

13. SPIDER-GWEN

Less than five years since her creation, Spider-Gwen has risen through the ranks of comic-book fandom to become a bona fide A-lister. On Earth-65 (an alternate version of the mainstream Earth-616), Gwen Stacey was bitten by a radioactive spider instead of Peter Parker. This origin was revealed in Edge of Spider-Verse #2, which went on to sell a whopping 250,000 copies. Unsurprisingly, an ongoing series quickly followed from creators Jason Latour and Robbi Rodriguez, where readers were captivated by Gwen’s endearing personality. The character made her big-screen debut in last year’s delightful Spider-Man: Into the Spider-Verse, with more cinematic outings in the works. | DC

12. BLACK WIDOW

Natasha Alianovna Romanova, code-named Black Widow, was one of Cold War Russia’s top spies, assigned to capture Tony Stark for her Communist masters. When her mission failed, she recruited Hawkeye to help her face-saving plan to defeat Iron Man. When that failed too, she defected to the West and has since been romantically involved with Hawkeye and, later, Daredevil. A master of covert operations and hand to hand combat, the Widow has been variously recruited to the Avengers, the Defenders and S.H.I.E.L.D. Romanova is as tough and uncompromising as they come. Beware the sting of this Black Widow! | RP

11. MS MARVEL (KAMALA KHAN)

Replacing a classic character with a Muslim was risky, but the team of Sana Amanat, Stephen Wacker, G. Willow Wilson and Adrian Alphona created an authentic young woman who oozed charm and likeability. The Muslim aspect of her life was thankfully no mere gimmick and was fully fleshed out, as was her peer group. The superhero antics take second place to her fanfiction writings, family relations, and personal angst as we watch her grow into womanhood. Kamala Khan was an instant hit with fans who adored her struggles to balance helping out The Avengers, while still getting her homework in on time. Kamala Khan is an absolute sweetheart that you would want fighting in your corner when Doctor Doom comes calling. | JR

10. JESSICA JONES

Who would have thought that Jessica Jones would be the first female superhero to get her own vehicle in the MCU, with the super-powered private eye’s Netflix series predating Captain Marvel by four years? Not long ago, no one outside of hardcore Marvel Comics readers had heard of Ms Jones (despite her having been introduced eighteen years ago in Alias #1), but now she’s a mainstream fan favourite thanks in large to Krysten Ritter’s brilliant performance, which nails both the character’s acerbic wit and her internal trauma and vulnerability. So why has Jessica become so popular? A lot of it is probably to do with how unapologetically flawed Jessica is. Characters like Wonder Woman and Supergirl are great, but JJ is so refreshing because she’s a rare heroine who’s allowed to be more messed up than the men, what with her serious anger management issues, alcoholism and PTSD. Though the upcoming third season of her TV series will surely be the show’s last (what with Netflix seemingly intent on cancelling all its Marvel properties), at least its popularity has given Jessica’s profile a huge boost, ensuring she’ll live on in the comics universe for a long time to come. | CB

9. HIT-GIRL

What were you doing at 11 years of age? Chances are you weren’t swearing like a sailor while fighting nefarious criminals, right? Well maybe the swearing like a sailor part, but you get our drift. For Mindy McCready, bloodshed and F-bombs were just as regular an occurrence as recess – the youngster being trained to be a brutal vigilante by her father, Big Daddy. Created by Mark Millar and John Romita Jr. for their soon-to-be hugely popular Kick-Ass comic book back in 2008, Mindy and her Hit-Girl alter-ego made Damian Wayne look like a pussycat. Having appeared in Millar and JRJ’s Kick-Ass series, Hit-Girl was given her own comic book outing in 2013, coming hot on the heels of Chloe Grace Moretz stealing the show as the character in Matthew Vaughn’s 2010 Kick-Ass movie adaptation. Since 2013’s Kick-Ass 2, there have been plenty of rumblings – with or without Moretz being involved – of Hit-Girl bring given her own feature film, possibly even to be done as a prequel to showcase her and Big Daddy’s relationship. Back in the comics, and Kevin Smith is now writing Hit-Girl: The Golden Rage of Hollywood which will see Mindy slicing her way through tinsel town’s predatory sorts. | AP

8. KITTY PRYDE

Variously known as Sprite, Ariel and, most frequently, Shadowcat, Kitty Pride came of age in the X-Men and we followed her on that journey. By the ‘80s, the teen-ness had very much gone out of Marvel’s uncanniest team of teens and Kitty re-injected some wide-eyed every-girl enthusiasm, youthful romance (with Colossus), as well as the odd bit of sullen resentment into the Westchester academy, acting as our window into that world. Her mutant ability, to phase through objects, should have seemed kind of lame in comparison to super strength, laser eyes, metal claws or the ability to summon lightning, but was in fact absurdly cool. She also had a tiny pet dragon, effectively putting a shiny gold star on her having the teenage years we all would have wanted. | SD

7. SQUIRREL GIRL

The final Marvel creation of comics legend Steve Ditko, Doreen Green is Canadian, a mutant, and utterly adorable. Squirrel Girl may only (?) have the proportionate abilities of a squirrel, but she has used those powers to fight crime, band together with the Avengers (Great Lakes and otherwise), and defeat the likes of Kraven the Hunter, Fin Fang Foom, and even Doctor Doom! Aided by her loyal squirrel pal Tippy Toe (her first sidekick Monkey Joe – also a Squirrel, despite the name – sadly fell in the heat of battle at the hands of Leather Boy), and alongside Chipmunk Hunk, Koi Boi, and Nihilist robot Brain Drain, she keeps her small corner of New York – Peter Parker’s alma mater at ESU – safe from all manner of threats, all the while managing to be incredibly hilarious. Just remember, Squirrel rhymes with Girl! | AB

6. ROGUE

Rogue isn’t just a superhero; in many ways, she’s the superhero. First appearing in 1981’s Avengers Annual #10 with the power to absorb the memories and abilities of others, Rogue has been the most powerful person in the room, and the most vulnerable. She’s struggled with powers that she can’t turn off, and embraced them when she needed to. She’s flirted with the dark side as a member of the Brotherhood of Mutants, and become a force for good as one of the X-Men. She’s caused incredible harm, and shown amazing compassion. She’s been a lover, and she’s been a runaway, and she’s been a sister. She’s gone down every road a superhero can go down, and she’s done it with great Southern charm. | KF

5. SUPERGIRL

Having long assumed he was the last son of Krypton (apart from the inhabitants of the Bottle City of Kandor), imagine Superman’s surprise when he found that he had a young cousin, Kara Zor-El. Kara hailed from Krypton’s Argo City, which had survived the planet-wide destruction by means of a protective shield. But shield or not, Argo would never survive the oncoming meteor shower headed their way. So, like her cousin before her, she was blasted to Earth via rocket by her parents. Under our yellow sun, she had exactly the same powers and vulnerabilities as Superman, but needed practice in fully controlling her abilities. Originally, she operated in secret – with her blonde hair hidden under a brown wig, her civilian identity was Linda Lee, an orphaned teen at Midvale Orphanage, eventually becoming a hero in her own right. Supergirl made the ultimate sacrifice during the DC Crisis on Infinite Earths to save her cousin and the Multiverse itself. Post-Crisis, things were a little different in the DC Universe, and Superman was re-established as the ONLY survivor of Krypton, but you can’t keep a true hero down – Supergirl has returned under the various guises of Matrix, Linda Danvers, and lately, a restored Kara Zor-El. Move over Man of Steel, the Maid of Might is here to stay. | RP

4. SHE-HULK

Lawyer, crimefighter, sometime Avenger, temporary replacement for Thing in the Fantastic Four (unusually creating a gender balance on the team!), the achievements of Bruce Banner’s cousin make the ability of the Hulk to do big jumps and smash things pale in comparison. Because, as much as Banner was a respected, if troubled, genius scientist, as soon as he went big and green he was an idiot. She-Hulk, however, was simultaneously Jennifer Walters, criminal defence lawyer, and a big green fighting machine, with occasional mild anger issues. She-Hulk was the last of Stan Lee’s classic era superhero creations (designed primarily to stop a TV company getting the copyright on the idea of a female Hulk), a cousin of Bruce Banner turned green by thoughtless blood transfusion, and a quick fan favourite. Initially treated as an almost comedic counterpoint to the Hulk (particularly by writer John Byrne who had her regularly breaking the fourth wall), this smart-talking but still angry lawyer, who retained the ability to speak in sentences substantially longer than ‘Hulk smash’ in spite of being big and green, was, for many of us, far superior to the character she span-off from. | SP

3. BATWOMAN

As The CW’s shared Arrowverse realm continues to expand, one new addition that fans are hugely excited about is Ruby Rose as Kate Kane, aka Batwoman. Since debuting in last year’s stunning Elseworlds crossover event, Rose’s Kane is getting her own TV show towards the end of this year. But while her small screen arrival is a recent happening, the Batwoman character’s roots can be traced back to 1956 in the pages of DC Comics. Then known as Kathy Kane, Batwoman became synonymous with the Silver Age expansion of Batman’s supporting cast of players. It was in 2006, however, that Batwoman was brought to the fore once more after those Silver Age memories had long faded, as the character was spruced up as part of DC’s New 52 reinvention. While The New 52 was largely flawed and found wanting for a number of reasons, the change to Batwoman was one of the more positive moves to come from the extensive reshaping of the very fundamentals of the DC Universe. Batwoman was reimagined as Kate Kane, a Jewish lesbian with bucket-loads of cash behind her. Inspired by Batman, she decided to use her hefty resources to don the cape and cowl and become one of Gotham City’s protectors. And the rest, as they say, is history; Batwoman went on to become one of the most fascinating comic book characters of the past decade. | AP

2. BATGIRL

There have been a few Batgirls over the years, starting with the brief tenure of the original Bat-Girl, Betty Kane in the early sixties. But our concern here is with the real Batgirl, daughter of Commissioner James Gordon, Barbara Gordon. Working as a librarian in Gotham City, the young Barbara fashioned a costume for herself to attend the Gotham City Policeman’s Masquerade Ball but stumbled across Killer Moth’s attempt to kill Bruce Wayne. Using her impressive judo skills to assist the Dynamic Duo, Batgirl wasn’t going to be a rookie for long. She soon became a regular ally to the Caped Crusader and the Boy Wonder when not fighting her solo war on crime. Eventually, the ‘dominoed dare-doll’ retired from the vigilante lifestyle, but Barbara found herself in even greater peril as, one fateful night, the Joker shot her at close range, through the spine, in an attempt to prove to Gordon that insanity is only one bad day away. Consigned to a wheelchair, Barbara became known as Oracle, expert hacker and information broker to various superheroes, operating out of the Watchtower in Gotham. During her time as Oracle, three other people wore the Batgirl cape and mask, but after her long rehabilitation and recovery, Barbara Gordon has returned to the mean streets. Criminals beware! | RP

1. WONDER WOMAN

Diana, Amazon Princess of Themyscira, daughter of Queen Hippolyta, sculpted from clay and brought to life by the Gods of Olympus, is the undisputed first lady of comic books. Her innate goodness and purity of heart led her to compete, against her mother’s wishes, in a contest to find the worthiest Amazon who would then be deemed their greatest warrior charged with the task of thwarting Ares, God of War’s diabolical schemes to destroy the planet. Armed with a golden lasso, which compels all who touch it to tell the truth, and bracelets that can deflect bullets, she can also fly at sub-light speed (though has also been known to use an invisible jet at times), and is the master of both armed and unarmed combat. Boasting the strength of Heracles and the speed of Hermes, it’s no wonder that she’s been a regular member of the Justice League of America since its founding. As well as a relentless crime fighter and protector of the weak, Wonder Woman proudly holds the title of Amazon ambassador to the United Nations and other similar organisations throughout the universe, and is a published author of a controversial book about her observations of our world. “I will fight for those who cannot fight for themselves” – undoubtedly one of the most heroic and empathic mission statements in the world of comic book superheroes. Wonder Woman, we salute you. | RP

Agree? Disagree? Outraged that Barb Wire didn’t make the cut? Share your thoughts by reaching out on social media!

Words: Robin Pierce, Andrew Pollard, Christian Bone, Spleeny Dotson, Kate Fathers, Kris Heys, Jordan Royce, David Craig, Peter Beckett, Alan Boon

[This article was originally published in issue 458, March 2019.]

THE TELEPHEMERA YEARS: 2003 – PART 1

telephemera 2003 kingdom hospital

Ah, telephemera… those shows whose stay with us was tantalisingly brief, snatched away before their time, and sometimes with good cause. They hit the schedules alongside established shows, hoping for a long run, but it’s not always to be, and for every Knight Rider there’s two Street Hawks. But here at STARBURST we celebrate their existence and mourn their departure, drilling down into the new season’s entertainment with equal opportunities square eyes… these are The Telephemera Years!

2003-04

By the turn of the twenty-first century, the hegemony of the big three networks had well and truly been blown apart by a new, multi-channel reality. While ABC, CBS, and NBC still churned out a new season of promising hopefuls each year, they had to contend with competition from the cable networks, and while Alias, NYPD Blue, ER, and the final season of Friends were all blockbuster hits on ABC and NBC, the likes of Fox and UPN were stealing eyeballs across the schedules.

Offbeat humour from King of the Hill, Malcolm in the Middle, That 70s Show, The Simpsons, and new arrival Arrested Development ran wild on Fox, while The WB ensured teens were well catered for with Angel, Charmed, Smallvile, and their new emo show One Tree Hill, rivalled only by The OC beginning its four-season run on Fox. In response, the only new network shows to make any kind of impact were Joan of Arcadia and Two and a Half Men on CBS, but that’s not why we’re here. This is the story of more 2003 shows that didn’t catch on…

Kingdom Hospital (ABC): In 1994, after he’d completed his Europa trilogy, Lars von Trier moved into TV for the surreal, eerie The Kingdom, set in a riddle of a hospital and cancelled before von Trier could complete the story with a third season. Nine years later, an adaptation appeared on US screens, shepherded by Stephen King, with its Danish location transplanted to Maine.

UPN had tried an earlier show inspired by von Trier’s weirdness, 2001’s All Souls, which aired for a short season in the Spring and Summer, but hopes were high that, with King’s name attached to the project, ABC would have a Spring hit on their hands. Former Brat Packer Andrew McCarthy and Harry & The Hendersons’ Bruce Davison were King’s twin principals, as a pair of surgeons with very different agendas, under the auspices of Ed Begley Jr’s Dr Jesse James, the gateway into the Keepers, Kingdom Hospital’s society.

telephemera 2003 kingdom hospital

Initially scheduled as a mini-series, with four two-hour episodes, Kingdom Hospital was recut into standard hour-long episodes, for a short season which, as it was often interrupted by basketball playoffs, took almost twenty weeks to air its eight episodes.

Critics were generally positive about the show, although there were those who poured scorn on the inconsistent performances of its main cast, but ABC quietly dropped the show before any hint of a second season was apparent. The series is available on DVD, as is von Trier’s original, but both did much better work elsewhere.

The Brotherhood of Poland, New Hampshire (Fox): Having cut his teeth on LA Law, David E Kelley enjoyed a string of hits from the late-1980s through to the 2000s, including Doogie Howser, MD, Picket Fences, Ally McBeal, and Boston Public. It wasn’t all one-way traffic, though, and Snoops, Girls Club, and the McBeal recut Ally, all failed to see out their first seasons on ABC and Fox.

In 2003, returning to the theme of one of his earlier hits, Kelley developed The Brotherhood of Poland, New Hampshire, a light-hearted small-town drama with much in common with Picket Fences and the non-Kelly Northern Exposure. Randy Quaid, John Carroll Lynch, and the sadly-missed Chris Penn played a trio of brothers who were the police chief, mayor, and black sheep of the titular town, all caught up in the weird neighbourhood drama found in such shows.

Mare Winningham, Ann Cusack, and Elizabeth McGovern played the men’s wives, but the strong ensemble cast just wasn’t cutting any ice with viewers, and the show was pulled after just five episodes of its run, although nine were completed. The show had its fans, though, and it remains one of Kelley’s more fondly remembered shows, full of the strange characters that populated his shows.

telephemera 2003 brotherhood poland new hampshire

The show was never given a home video release, and there are no episodes to be found on video sharing sites, which given Penn’s demise just two years later (and Quaid’s descent into insanity) is incredibly sad…

Century City (CBS): Thrown onto Tuesday nights on CBS in March, with most viewers just waiting for Big Brother to return, Century City was a legal drama with a difference; where its contemporaries The Practice, The DA, and JAG ploughed more traditional furrows, Century City was set in the future, in 2030 to be exact, and the legal problems encountered by the lawyers of Crane, Constable, McNeil & Montero are, if not out of this world, then certainly the stuff of speculation.

telephemera 2003 century city

Viola Davis, Héctor Elizondo, Eric Schaeffer, and Nestor Carbonell star as the team of legal eagles dealing with such issues as virtual rape, gene therapy, cybernetics, and online legacy, all in a future United States where Oprah Winfrey is President and the Moon has been colonised.

Just four of the nine episodes ordered were broadcast – in the wrong order – before CBS pulled the plug, but the full run aired on Hulu in 2009 in its correct sequence. There were those who praised the show both times it aired, but not enough to save it from cancellation or inspire a reboot.

Creator Ed Zuckerman helped shepherd the following year’s Killer Instinct, another slice of telephemera if ever there was one, but spent much of his time working on various Law & Order franchises. You can find the full series on YouTube with little trouble, and it might be worth fitting it in before we reach 2030 ourselves, you know, for homework or something.

Jake 2.0 (UPN): Before his upgrade, Jake Foley (played by Odyssey 5’s Christopher  Gorham) was a computer analyst working for the NSA; an accidental infusion of nanobots, however, gives him superhuman powers and the ability to control technology with his brain.

That’s the premise of Jake 2.0, which began airing on UPN on Wednesday nights in September 2003, one of half a dozen new shows from the UPN network, which was enjoying some big ratings due to WWE Smackdown and America’s Next Top Model.

telephemera 2003 jake 2.0

As the home of Star Trek shows Deep Space Nine and Enterprise, UPN wasn’t averse to some science-fiction on its schedules, and the plots for Jake 2.0’s first season certainly tend towards the fantastic, with stories of electromagnetic bombs, computer hacking, terrorist attacks, and ninja-like assassins, but Gorham is a charismatic lead and ties things together with a string of likeable performances.

Ratings were not up to scratch, though, and UPN aired just twelve of the sixteen completed episodes, with the latter four having their worldwide premiere when Sky One in the UK showed the whole run. A further three episodes had already been written, with an outline developed by Javier Grillo-Marxuach for a second season, but it wasn’t to be. However, some of show’s themes were explored in Chuck and Kyle XY, and it is available on DVD, having been released by Visual Entertainment in 2019.

Next: We come across ape botherers and trinket peddlers in another handful of 2003’s forgotten shows!

Check out our other Telephemera articles:

The Telephemera Years: 1966 (part 1, 2, 3, 4)

The Telephemera Years: 1968 (part 1, 2, 3, 4)

The Telephemera Years: 1969 (part 1, 2, 3, 4)

The Telephemera Years: 1971 (part 1, 2, 3, 4)

The Telephemera Years: 1973 (part 1, 2, 3, 4)

The Telephemera Years: 1975 (part 1, 2, 3, 4)

The Telephemera Years: 1977 (part 1, 2, 3, 4)

The Telephemera Years: 1980 (part 12, 3, 4)

The Telephemera Years: 1982 (part 1, 2, 3, 4)

The Telephemera Years: 1984 (part 1, 2, 3, 4)

The Telephemera Years: 1986 (part 1, 2, 3, 4)

The Telephemera Years: 1987 (part 1, 2, 3, 4)

The Telephemera Years: 1990 (part 1, 2, 3, 4)

The Telephemera Years: 1992 (part 1, 2, 3, 4)

The Telephemera Years: 1995 (part 12, 3, 4)

The Telephemera Years: 1997 (part 1, 2, 3, 4)

The Telephemera Years: 2000 (part 1, 2, 3, 4)

The Telephemera Years: 2003 (part 1, 2, 3, 4)

The Telephemera Years: 2005 (part 1, 2, 3, 4)

The Telephemera Years: 2008 (part 1, 23, 4)

Titans of Telephemera: Irwin Allen

Titans of Telephemera: Stephen J Cannell (part 1, 2, 3, 4)

Titans of Telephemera: Hanna-Barbera (part 1, 2, 3, 4, 5)

Titans of Telephemera: Kenneth Johnson

Titans of Telephemera: Glen A Larson (part 1, 2, 3, 4)

Titans of Telephemera: Quinn Martin (part 1, 2)

Lebron James in Space Jam: A New Legacy is Coming in July

lebron

The debate continues to rage as to who is the GOAT of the NBA, Michael Jordan or LeBron James? And while there is a case to be made for the likes of Bill Russell and his 11 NBA world titles, Wilt Chamberlain and his 100-point game, the silky-smooth passing of Magic Johnson, or the sublime skills of Kobe Bryant, the two that are bandied about as the supreme ruler of the NBA’s Mount Olympus are Michael and LeBron. You don’t even need to use last names to know exactly who we’re talking about when it comes to hoops legends.

But off the court, Michael Jordan starred in the 1996 movie, Space Jam. Several of his contemporaries even made cameo appearances like Larry Bird, Charles Barkley, and Patrick Ewing to name a few. Fast forward 25 years later and we see LeBron taking MJ’s lead role and becoming the cornerstone of Space Jam: A New Legacy.

In 1996, the Looney Tunes characters recruited Michael Jordan to win a basketball game against a villainous group of aliens called the Monstars, otherwise, they would be enslaved and exhibited as carnival attractions in a brand-new theme park. The movie was somewhat revolutionary in that it seamlessly blended animation with real characters.

The new version is expected to be much the same although the Tune Squad now has LB on their side to take on a new evil entity referred to as the Goon Squad. Reports are that this new version relies primarily on animation using contemporary stars like Damian Lillard, Anthony Davis, Klay Thompson, and the WNBA’s Nneka Ogwumike in digital form. LeBron is one of the few who maintains his human form which is a stark difference from the first iteration if the reports are true.

And if you had any doubts that the landslide of mainstream sports betting hasn’t taken hold, then be advised that some of the best online sportsbooks, like SportsInteraction, have already set a line on this fictional game before the movie is released to theaters or any other mediums. Yes, the Tune Squad is listed as -1 ½ point favourites and the total, if you are so inclined, is 155. Who sets these numbers and how are they derived? Who knows but they are out there and if you’ve got a hunch then bet a bunch!

LeBron Carries the Torch

LeBron has stated that he was familiar with the Looney Tunes characters and became even more so because of the original Space Jam. In a free-wheeling interview with Entertainment Weekly, LeBron spoke about his initial reaction to the Space Jam of 1996.

“There were a lot of films for me, but Space Jam was definitely up there. Just growing up and loving the NBA, and obviously loving Michael Jordan, and loving the Looney Tunes, it was an automatic and a very organic blend between the two worlds. And it was fun to see what MJ and Bugs and Taz and all those great toons were able to go through in that first movie. It was pretty cool, man, as a kid, wanting to see inspiration from movies and from people that you look up to, and people that you watch on a day-to-day basis. So, it definitely had a big part of my childhood.”

In an interesting angle, EW asked LeBron about the characters chosen to comprise the Goon Squad and if he was getting besieged with calls from his NBA colleagues and celebrities who might want to share the silver screen with him.

[Laughs] “Absolutely. The phone would ring, the texts would come in, and then on social media a lot of people were tweeting at me saying, “Hey, I’m available for Space Jam if you need me. LOL. Asking for a friend.” A lot of people my age or even younger just remember the classic. They remember Space Jam the original, and people want to be a part of it, because it’s something that lasts forever, something that’s timeless, and something that you can tell your kids and grandkids about.”

LeBron insists this isn’t a sequel but a new twist on an old plot. Although many of the elements sound similar LB is adamant that it’s a whole new ballgame if you will pardon the pun.

“This is not a sequel. The movie stands on its own. But, more importantly, this movie is going to surprise a lot of people, because it brings up a lot about family and the dynamic between a father and son. There are parents who want to push their kids to do certain things because this is what they do, but sometimes you have to look into a kid and be able to have an open mind and ear to help them become the thing they’ve dreamed of. There’s a lot of father-son moments that people are going to relate to, and I’m looking forward to people just getting the raw emotion out of it, and understanding and seeing what it’s all about. It’s a huge family movie, and I can’t wait for people to get together and have their popcorn and everything that comes with it. It’s going to be exciting.”

Space Jam: A New Legacy will be in movie theatres on July 16th and will also be available on HBO Max.

[ENDED] Win ENDANGERED SPECIES on DVD

win endangered species

We’ve teamed up with Lionsgate UK to give three lucky readers a chance to win Endangered Species on DVD. Just read on and enter below.

Head off-road into the African wilderness with Endangered Species, the action-packed survival thriller from director M.J. Bassett (Rogue, Solomon Kane, Deathwatch).

Robert (Philip Winchester), his wife Andi (Rebecca Romijn), teenage daughter Katie, and young son Toby take a trip to the Amboseli National Park in Kenya. Wanting to experience adventure in the wilderness, they head down a forbidden road to a remote area of the vast national park without a guide, when a hair-raising encounter with a wild rhino leaves their car a wreck and the family stranded miles off the main trail.

Under the suffocating African sun, they soon find themselves stalked by hyenas and facing deadly attacks from leopards, but when they discover a vicious gang of armed poachers they find that man is the most deadly animal on the savanna…

Blending fast-paced action in a tense eco-thrill ride, director M.J. Bassett explores the horrors of animal poaching with an empowering message about how ordinary people can fight back against the devastation inflicted on the natural world.

Starring Rebecca Romijn (X-Men franchise, Star Trek: Discovery), Jerry O’Connell (Scream 2, Stand by Me), Philip Winchester (Rogue, Thunderbirds) and Michael Johnston (Teen Wolf). Written and directed by M.J. Bassett.

Special features

Director’s Commentary

Commentary with Co-writer/Director/Producer M.J. Bassett and actors Philip

Winchester and Jerry O’Connell

Cast and Crew Interviews

a Rafflecopter giveaway

Endangered Species is available on Digital Download from June 28th and DVD on July 5th.

 

Five Films to Check Out on Horror Channel This Week – 280621

channel picks

Here are some of our picks for the next seven days on Horror Channel:

Tuesday June 29th, 10.40pm – Bram Stoker’s Dracula (1992)

Francis Ford Coppola’s epic retelling of the classic Gothic novel in which Gary Oldman portrays the Count with style and panache. Anthony Hopkins’ Van Helsing is just as perfect and Keanu Reeves (as Jonathan Harker) and Winona Ryder (Mina) are always watchable. This is one that has got better with age.

Wednesday June 30th, 2.20pm – Schizo (1976)

Legendary exploitation director Pete Walker teams up once more with writer David McGillivray for this psychological shocker. A must-see for fans of low budget British horror.

Thursday July 1st, 10.50pm – Terrifier (2017)

Clowns are scary, we all know that. Art the Clown, the antagonist in Terrifier makes IT look like Krusty. Not only does he look suitably sinister, he leaves a trail of corpses in his wake. Plenty of gore and scares make this unmissable. Find out more about the film here.

Saturday July 3rd, 10am – 3pm – Space: 1999

Spend a big chunk of your Saturday catching up with the exploits on Moonbase Alpha. This omnibus of the episodes shown during the weekday Sci-Fi Zone means you never have to miss an episode.

Sunday July 4th, 11.20pm – The Bay (2012)

A small seaside town’s water supply becomes infected, causing infections and lesions on the victims. This is a portent found footage movie, which is elevated above the rest because it was a rare excursion into horror for director Barry Levinson, best known for Good Morning, Vietnam and Rain Man.

Tune into Horror Channel on Sky 317, Virgin 149, Freeview 68, Freesat 138.

Dark Art – A Look at TERRIFIER

art terrifier

The 2016 film Terrifier wasn’t our first introduction to Art the psychotic clown. Writer and director Damien Leone had already made a pair of shorts, The 9th Circle (2008) and Terrifier in 2011 that featured Art. These both formed the backbone of his first feature All Hallow’s Eve in 2013. Focusing on a babysitter whose wards find a VHS tape in their trick or treat stash, it cleverly weaved the shorts into the narrative before the antagonists break from the small screen to attack the hapless child minder. The sinister yet silent Art the Clown was a hit with horror fans, and Leone soon decided to bring the evil prankster back for his own feature. Leone said at the time of the film’s release, “Up until that point, I never felt like I fully showcased Art’s potential. I believe between the short films and All Hallows’ Eve, there was only about 20 minutes of Art the Clown screen time.” It seemed only natural to have this new horror icon come back, and his return would be as bloody and grisly as anything we’ve seen before.

Terrifier begins with a talk show host being horrifically mutilated by her guest, the survivor of a massacre that culminated in the death or Art the Clown and said survivor being left horrendously disfigured. However, watching the show on a portable set is an agitated Art who’s getting ready for a Halloween night on the town. He takes a shine to Tara (Jenna Kanell), out on the razz with her pal Dawn (Catherine Corcoran), creeping them out while they have a bite to eat to help them sober up. Things will go from bad to worse for the pair as their car’s tyre has been slashed and they have to wait for Tara’s sister Victoria (Samantha Scaffidi) to pick them up. Desperate to use the toilet, Tara talks her way into an abandoned building being tended to by rat exterminators. Unfortunately, Art has begun his evening’s entertainment by butchering the fast food staff and now has his sights set on the girls.

The film is eighty minutes of gore and mayhem. Among the more disturbing things we see are heads being used as pumpkin lanterns, bodies hung and split into two as if like slaughtered cattle, and various eye gouging and knife lacerations. There is no real build-up – particularly in respect to Art – and the plot is nothing more than a string of highly disturbing attacks and slaughter. It shouldn’t work, but it does. This is mainly because the character of Art the Clown is terrifyingly enigmatic. Moving like a mime, his long-nosed face bringing comparisons to a more homicidal version of Chitty Chitty Bang Bang’s Child Catcher. It’s this lean approach to the narrative that director Leone had in mind all along for the feature. “The main objective was to keep it as close to the 20 minute short film as possible,” he said. “The short film was a no holds barred, relentless, seventies-style grindhouse flick that was made to feel like an intense rollercoaster ride.” Even the name of the film (and short) was intentional. The Terrifier isn’t a tag to be placed on Art, it’s the name it would have if it were a rollercoaster. “People responded so positively to the short film, so I figured the best plan of attack would be to just make an 80-minute version of the 20-minute short,” he explained. “This would mean taking the best parts of a slasher film and eliminating as much of the filler as possible.

It’s no coincidence that all his films so far have been set at the horror fan’s favourite holiday, Samhain. It makes perfect sense when you have a villain as sinister-looking as Art. “It’s acceptable for a man to be walking the streets while dressed as a clown,” he explains. “This enables his victims to lower their guard around him when they first cross his path.

The gore effects are practical, too, which adds greatly to the stomach-churning reaction one will certainly feel throughout the film. Damien Leone is a special effects artist as well as a writer and director and his talent certainly shows in the many gruesome images we’re presented with in the film. “I can do a lot on a very limited budget,” he clarified.  “There is so much content out there right now and I believe that if you want to stand out, it doesn’t hurt to show things that will really grab the audience’s attention and get them talking.” He continues to muse, “How many times can you show a knife cutting through the air followed by a shot of blood hitting the wall? Almost everything has been done to death so I feel I have a duty to the audience to present them with stuff that hasn’t quite been seen before or if it has, to do it in a way that feels fresh.” Leone got into special effects at an early age, after watching the Tom Savini documentary Scream Greats. He began experimenting with makeup at age 12 when his mother took him to a horror convention and he picked up some materials. “I tried out all of my new goodies on my friends and myself,” he said “Savini introduced me to blood tubes, mortician’s wax, things that were more accessible to someone starting out. Soon I started filming the effects with a camcorder.” He isn’t shy about giving credit for people that have spurred him on to create his twisted world: “Even though as a filmmaker I’m influenced by countless artists from all genres, I really have to thank Savini for being the first person to show me the magic of filmmaking.

Clowns are big box office at the moment, and there’s no shortage of mileage to be had from Art, it seems. “We’ve only just scratched the surface,” Leone says. “Now we have to dig a little deeper into his backstory. He has a ton of potential and I can see needing at least a couple of films to tell his full story.” From the reaction to the film, it’s clear the audience has taken to him as a modern horror icon. And as the director himself has said, “It would be downright disrespectful to the character and to the fans to not produce more,” before adding, “just as long as we maintain some integrity and never jump the shark.” A further movie starring the silent Art the Clown is currently in production and is expected to be released in 2020.

You can let TERRIFIER haunt your dreams by watching on Horror Channel. Sky 317, Virgin 149, Freeview 149, Freesat 138.

Osei Essed | AMEND: THE FIGHT FOR AMERICA

amend

Osei Essed’s score for Amend: The Fight for America, the Netflix series about the 14th Amendment to the United States Constitution, immediately evokes a sense of history in its use of Americana elements, while weaving in and out of a series of powerful pop song needle drops which demonstrate just how important this amendment was to the fight for equal rights in America. Speaking with Essed, one gets a sense of just how thoughtfully the composer approached scoring this landmark six-part series.

STARBURST: Amend starts with Sharon Jones’ version of This Land Is Your Land, but what was your starting point for working on the documentary miniseries?

Osei Essed: I spent a bunch of time out in LA working on the series before anything was shot with the actors. So many of the interviews with our expert guests were already shot, but all of the creative non-conventional elements had yet to be created.

I went out to LA and I spent a few months out there sort of just talking and making some music and trying to find a way to tell the story that would feel fresh and contemporary, but at the same time, American in that way that early sort of 20th century orchestral music does or American folk music does

Those animated segments and the really stylized readings and recitations of the people involved in the fight for the 14th Amendment: how does that affect what you do, as opposed to talking heads, which are the de rigueur approach to most documentaries?

It required being able to switch voices quickly. And that’s tricky, no matter what, to do that because there were just these rapid cuts, which doesn’t happen a lot in work that I do – where you’re moving from moment to moment and each moment is its own encapsulated moment that requires its own supporting musical voice. I had to find a voice for it for each of those moments, but that’s somehow connected as a single thing.

Did it help you that there is a really good amount of popular music in the documentary to have something to go into or come out of?

I wouldn’t say it helped so much. I mean, it definitely placed limitations on the kinds of music I would place between sections or that I would have to create so, in that sense, I guess it was helpful that there were some limitations, but I think whenever you’re moving in and out of cues that you didn’t create – or in between them – finding the thing that connects them, when there are very few breaths, it is a challenge. And so that there was a really joyful challenge.

In a fictional narrative film, there’s a little bit more room, but the idea that, in a documentary, if there’s no music playing, it’s somebody talking is a fascinating observation. There’s constant sound throughout, basically.

There are lots of ways to approach it. I think there are some vérité documentaries where there are moments given to just the world of the film outside of music and letting those diegetic sounds take over. There’s a pleasure in that and those breaths are purposeful in that kind of filmmaking, but often that’s not the case.

When you were working on the score for Amend, were you considering certain themes or motifs for the various themes and motifs that go throughout the documentary? When they’re talking about Bull Connor or Andrew Johnson, your score gets darker.

Finding a way to voice new villains and the heroes was definitely a big, big part of it and then figuring out what corollaries existed between our heroes for each episode, for each part of the story, and how to connect them felt as if it was all a piece – in that it was observing some rules of composition – was definitely something we thought about.

Talking about the heroes and villains of each piece: many of the reviews have pointed to the Love episode as being the one that really encompasses a lot of different ideas, and so it ends up being a very particularly impactful part of the miniseries. When you’re talking about love, in that context, it’s a very hopeful, but also very sad, pendulum swing back and forth. How do you approach something like that, as it’s so deeply personal?

It’s interesting because I think that, for that storytelling, there was a longer cue in that episode. There were more real moments. I think a lot of the other episodes are dynamic in a way that that Love actually isn’t, even though that episode does encapsulate so much of what’s being fought for. I think what it does so effectively is it does bring this idea to a very personal level that hopefully resonates with everyone, so I think we’ve given a little bit more space there. It was easier to tell that story and really dive into what needed to be done in terms of the music.

One of the most triumphant parts of that documentary is Bree Newsome on the flagpole at the South Carolina state capitol. It must have been a really hard thing to score because you’re scoring a very triumphant, fist in the air, successful thing, but then you immediately have to go into what happened to Reverend Pinckney. That must be a very delicate transition for you as a composer.

For that one, fortunately, I’d had some training with the earlier episodes as well, ’cause there’s a lot of those very useful and triumphant moments that are then undercut almost immediately by the reaction to the advances made in the name of freedom and, and in the name of what it means to be a citizen in this country. I think that’s something that comes back and forth through the entire series: from the very outset, we get an inch there and then we’ll get pulled back in. It’s like every time you think, “All right, great, this is it,” it’s like, “Oh, well, no, actually this is not it at all.

How did you originally become involved with Amend? You’ve done quite a few other documentaries in the past, but how did you come to work on this particular project?

I came to the project through Adam Weber, who was a producer and a friend, and he had worked with the score executive producer, Dan Romer, and when conceiving of the idea, Adam and I – being friends – also were able to just talk about it a little bit and went through a few interviews with his team and with the various parties involved with Westbrook – which was Overbrook at the time – and found our direction. It helped that I’d done quite a bit of documentary before and that I made some music that seemed to fit into where they were hoping to take the voice for Amend.

What for you is the appeal of scoring documentaries? Speaking with other composers, be it documentary or action or horror sci-fi or whatever, it seems that there is at least a grain of personal interest in it, to begin with, but it also seems like one project usually begets another.

I think largely that’s what it is. I’m happy to tell all kinds of stories, whether it’s documentary or narrative stories and whether they’re immigrant stories or American stories. I’m grateful for the opportunity to tell good stories with good storytellers. In terms of working in docs, that’s really what happened – I worked with one person, then another and it has grown into this wonderful thing where there are quite a few amazing documentaries being made and I get to work on some of them.

Is there a bit of an emotional toll that documentaries take, especially given the rather serious themes of a lot of the stuff you’ve worked on?

Yeah, absolutely. It can really be pretty, pretty heavy, I think, to walk around with a lot of these ideas in your head, thinking about the world from the perspective of many of these stories. I think what helps to sort of ameliorate that is thinking of the stories as a way to help heal wounds and as a way to help give voice to the voiceless and make the world hopefully stronger or more aware that way. It feels like you’re doing good, in a way, if you can tell the story well, so there’s something to be gained there.

In Amend, the tone is very serious but lightened with a sense of, “What the hell?!” where you have Randall Park or Larry Wilmore. Wilmore’s commentary walks the perfect line between this is absurd that this is still going on, while still recognising the seriousness of it all. And I think that’s like where he sort of finds the absurdity in it, but I really quite enjoyed it and I thought your, your music really lent a lot to it.

With Larry Wilmore and Will Smith, between the two of them, they really do help to lighten a little bit of the heaviness, but along with that, you have these stylized, recitations, which I think allow you to view it at a bit of a remove. It feels creative and feels a little bit exciting almost, and it feels like it’s action and it feels like it’s happening in the moment.

I think that makes this particular series really exciting and the approach to the music – as well as every other part of it – is just that it is forward-looking and it tries to make it feel as if there are stakes. Very often, when we’re thinking about history, talking about history, it seems so far removed – “It’s the past, how can it really affect us?” – but the way that the story was told made it feel immediate and made it feel as if you could have a reaction and should have a reaction and, perhaps, maybe you could even do something about history, which is an interesting thing, you know?

Nevermind the fact that I feel like so many of us – or at least for myself – I did not know very much about the 14th amendment so that felt fresh to have this thing that’s so important and the story of it is being told in this very immediate way, so I felt like I could engage with it in a way that I might not otherwise.

Absolutely. Seeing Graham Greene pop up in anything brings an almost immediate level of joy: ‘Oh, he’s in it? It’s going to be good’.

There’s just some really wonderful moments and appearances throughout. I remember, I was scoring one day and – my family watches Fresh Off the Boat. We’ve watched it twice because my eldest son is just a big fan. He’s eight now and we’ve watched the series twice in the last year and a half or so. He comes upstairs. He said, “Oh my God, it’s Louis! It’s Randall Park on the screen!” And he was like, “All right, right on,” so my kid feels like he wants to be engaged and there’s something great about that.

Amend: The Fight for America is now streaming on Netflix.

THE TELEPHEMERA YEARS: 1975 – PART 4

telephemera 1975 ghost busters filmation

Ah, telephemera… those shows whose stay with us was tantalisingly brief, snatched away before their time, and sometimes with good cause. They hit the schedules alongside established shows, hoping for a long run, but it’s not always to be, and for every Knight Rider there’s two Street Hawks. But here at STARBURST we celebrate their existence and mourn their departure, drilling down into the new season’s entertainment with equal opportunities square eyes… these are The Telephemera Years!

1975-76

By 1975, American television was smack bang in the middle of a glorious age of telefantasy, and the detective show was king. Kojak, Cannon, Police Story, Police Woman, Baretta, The Streets of San Francisco, Hawaii Five-O, The Rockford Files, and Petrocelli were joined by a little show called Starsky and Hutch, as punishment was dealt out to criminals all over the prime-time network schedules.

Meanwhile, Wonder Woman and The Bionic Woman joined The Six Million Dollar Man for superpowered action, and Welcome Back Kotter added laughs to those already provided by M*A*S*H and Happy Days. But what were kids watching while they were gulping down their sugary cereal? These are the cartoons that 1975 forgot…

The Ghost Busters (CBS): Yup, the Ghost Busters, a decade before the better known film, and the second live-action show from Lou Scheimer’s Filmation studio. Reuniting Forrest Tucker and Larry Storch, who had starred in the 1960s Civil War comedy F Troop, Saturday morning viewers were treated to fifteen episodes of the exploits of a paranormal detective agency.

telephemera 1975 ghost busters filmation

With a gorilla in a hat on board, the team of Spencer, Tracy, and Kong (Tracy was the gorilla) operated out of a dilapidated office, receiving missions from the mysterious Zero, which would always end with them dispatching the spook with their Ghost De-materialiser.

The show did well enough in the ratings that a second season was possible, but Filmation decided to put its budget towards its number one show, the live-action Shazam!/Isis Hour, and the show lay forgotten for a decade until a deal was struck to lend its name to Dan Aykroyd’s big-screen comedy. In the wake of that, a new animated show was produced, running to sixty-five daily episodes. The series is currently out of print on DVD but Mill Creek Entertainment have promised a new edition, featuring both live-action and animated shows.

Uncle Croc’s Block (ABC): The show that caused ABC to cancel its contract with Filmation for Saturday morning cartoons, Uncle Croc’s Block was a mess of a show within a show, the sum of its parts poorly glued and coming apart in front of the viewers’ eyes. Charles Nelson Reilly played the titular show host, fronting a programming block with barely-concealed contempt, much to the frustration of his equally-cantankerous director, Lost in Space’s Jonathan Harris.

Initially an hour-long affair, cut to thirty minutes after poor ratings, Uncle Croc would present a number of regular cartoon features – M*U*S*H, ‘Fraidy Cat, and Wacky & Packy, the less said about which the better – interspersed with variety segments and “star” guests, played by a cavalcade of veterans of stage and screen, including Phyllis Diller and Alice Ghostley.

telephemera 1975 uncle croc filmation

It was the kind of show that might have been a hit on Adult Swim but flew far over the heads of its young audience and it was pulled halfway through its run. There are few full episodes to be found anywhere, but YouTube is full of clips which, to be honest, is probably a small mercy…

Isis (CBS): Back on CBS, Filmation was having a bit more luck with another of its new shows, the first live-action superhero show with a female lead character. Isis starred Joanna Cameron, whose previous claim to fame had been losing out on Love Story to Ali McGraw, as an American schoolteacher who finds a mysterious golden amulet on an archaeological dig in Egypt, and finds that it transforms her into the goddess Isis, with all the powers of the animals and the elements.

telephemera 1975 isis shazam

Instead of deciding to establish an Islamic caliphate, Isis mainly used her powers to save her students, who had gotten themselves into danger through being stupid decadent westerners, and light level of peril was commensurate with other live-action superhero shows of the time, such as Wonder Woman and Shazam!, with which it enjoyed six crossover episodes.

DC Comics produced a spin-off comic book but after just seven episodes of a second season, Isis quietly vanished into the ether, its double-parter finale used as a backdoor pilot for The Super Sleuths, a trio of crime-fighting kids, which was never picked up. With the rights resting with Filmation rather than Warners, the character does remain in DC continuity – and Zari in Legends of Tomorrow is a reworked version – but the original version is rumoured to be returning in a feature film, where the shout of “Oh mighty Isis!” will be heard once more.

The Lost Saucer (ABC): Sid and Marty Krofft made their name with a series of colourful live-action shows in the late-1960s and early-1970s, kicking off with The Banana Splits and bringing the weirdness of HR Pufnstuf, The Bugaloos, Sigmund & The Seamonsters, and Land of the Lost to Saturday morning televisions. In 1975, the ideas machine spat out The Lost Saucer, the adventures of two time-traveling robots.

Starring Gomer Pyle’s Jim Nabors and Rowan & Martin’s Laugh-In’s Ruth Buzzi, the robots take youngsters Jerry and Alice on a tour of space and time, with most of their destinations resembling alternate futures, like the one where everyone on Earth is fat or the one where everyone on Earth looks exactly the same.

telephemera 1975 lost saucer krofft

Sixteen episodes ran between September and December 1975, and were later added to the syndicated Krofft Supershow block, but only eight of the episodes have ever been released on home media, and are long out of print. You can find them on YouTube, though, and they’re a rare treat.

Far Out Space Nuts (CBS): Meanwhile, over on CBS, Sid and Marty lined up another treat for Saturday morning audiences in the shape of Far Out Space Nuts, the misadventures of two NASA technicians who accidentally blast off to the stars, journeying to various strange planets and helping the aliens they meet.

telephemera 1975 far out space nuts krofft

Starring Bob “Gilligan” Denver and Chuck McCann, and featuring guest spots from the likes of John Carradine and Rudy Diaz (as well as the Krofft Puppets), fifteen twenty-five minute episodes were produced, airing in the Fall of 1975, before it was added to the Krofft Supershow syndicated package in 1978.

Like many of the Krofft shows, it received a partial VHS release and is crying out for the comprehensive Blu-ray treatment, but until that happens we have to be happy with what can be found on YouTube, where the whole series can be viewed at the click of a button. Far out!

The Great Grape Ape Show (ABC): William Hanna and Joseph Barbera created some of children’s television’s most memorable icons, from Fred Flintstone to Scooby-Doo, but they had more than their fair share of great characters that didn’t become part of the popular zeitgeist, like Magilla Gorilla, Speed Buggy, and the giant primate, Grape Ape.

Grape Ape was a forty-foot purple gorilla, with a childlike personality, who travels across America with his canine handler, Beegle Beagle. Despite his massive proportions initially frightening everyone they come across, Grape Ape and Beegle stick around long enough to help out a town in trouble before moving on to the next location in/on their little yellow van.

telephemera 1975 grape ape hanna barbera

Initially a part of The Tom & Jerry/Grape Ape Show, the giant gorilla’s fifteen double episodes were later repackaged alongside Mumbly shorts and as its own attraction. The character appeared as part of the Yogi Yahooeys in 1978’s Laff-A-Lympics, and most recently turned up in Scoob’s post-credits scene, where he joins Blue Falcon’s Falcon Force.

Next: Set the dials for 2003, where strange hospitals, weird gift shops, and junior jerry-builders await!

Check out our other Telephemera articles:

The Telephemera Years: 1966 (part 1, 2, 3, 4)

The Telephemera Years: 1968 (part 1, 2, 3, 4)

The Telephemera Years: 1969 (part 1, 2, 3, 4)

The Telephemera Years: 1971 (part 1, 2, 3, 4)

The Telephemera Years: 1973 (part 1, 2, 3, 4)

The Telephemera Years: 1975 (part 1, 2, 3, 4)

The Telephemera Years: 1977 (part 1, 2, 3, 4)

The Telephemera Years: 1980 (part 12, 3, 4)

The Telephemera Years: 1982 (part 1, 2, 3, 4)

The Telephemera Years: 1984 (part 1, 2, 3, 4)

The Telephemera Years: 1986 (part 1, 2, 3, 4)

The Telephemera Years: 1987 (part 1, 2, 3, 4)

The Telephemera Years: 1990 (part 1, 2, 3, 4)

The Telephemera Years: 1992 (part 1, 2, 3, 4)

The Telephemera Years: 1995 (part 12, 3, 4)

The Telephemera Years: 1997 (part 1, 2, 3, 4)

The Telephemera Years: 2000 (part 1, 2, 3, 4)

The Telephemera Years: 2003 (part 1, 2, 3, 4)

The Telephemera Years: 2005 (part 1, 2, 3, 4)

The Telephemera Years: 2008 (part 1, 23, 4)

Titans of Telephemera: Irwin Allen

Titans of Telephemera: Stephen J Cannell (part 1, 2, 3, 4)

Titans of Telephemera: Hanna-Barbera (part 1, 2, 3, 4, 5)

Titans of Telephemera: Kenneth Johnson

Titans of Telephemera: Glen A Larson (part 1, 2, 3, 4)

Titans of Telephemera: Quinn Martin (part 1, 2)

THE CANDYMAN CAN

With the much-loved horror icon set to return to screens soon, we take a closer look at the character and legacy of CANDYMAN…

“They saw off his right hand with a rusty blade. And no one came to his aid, for this was just the beginning of his ordeal. Nearby there was an apiary. Dozens of hives, filled with hungry bees. They smashed the hive and stole the honeycomb and smeared it over his prone, naked body. Candyman was stung to death by the bees. They burned his body on a giant pyre and scattered his ashes over Cabrini Green.

Dr Phillip Purcell, Candyman (1992)

So goes the tragic legend of Candyman, a famous, talented painter and the son of a slave, but a free man, dismembered, stung to death by bees and burned to a crisp. This treatment, at the hand of a lynch mob, for the perceived crime of falling in love with a rich white woman in 19th-century America. Reborn as a murderous urban legend, Candyman lives on in whispers and rumours, his name spoken in hushed tones – and don’t you dare say it five times. Not if there are any mirrors in the vicinity, anyway.

At least that’s how the legend goes in Bernard Rose’s 1992 horror classic. The original short story upon which Rose’s film is based – Clive Barker’s The Forbidden, included in Volume V of his Books of Blood – is skimpy on the details, even if the hook-handed killer, swarms of bees and rough plot outline remain the same.

Bernard Rose’s adaptation transplanted the story from Liverpool to Chicago, and onto the notorious estate of Cabrini Green. While most slasher films of the ‘80s and ‘90s were set on bright suburban streets and idyllic summer camps, Cabrini Green is a fascinating hive of crime, violence, breathtaking graffiti, and the most disgusting toilet this side of Trainspotting. As in Barker’s short story, Candyman follows graduate student Helen Lyle (Virginia Madsen, although one Sandra Bullock was also in contention for the role) investigating urban legends in the inner city. Here, she hears the story of a hook-handed ghost who can be summoned by repeating his name five times while looking in a mirror. Naturally sceptical, Helen and best friend Bernadette (Kasi Lemmons) complete the ritual and are duly underwhelmed when nothing appears to happen. At first.

After being beaten up by a local gangster appropriating his name, Helen meets the real deal – the magnetic, hook-handed, fur-coat wearing Candyman himself (the inimitable Tony Todd) – in a parking garage. Here, she blacks out, waking up in the middle of a crime scene, next to a decapitated dog and accused of kidnapping a child. Candyman’s curious modus operandi of framing naïve white women is curiously low-rent for a slasher icon but is a through-line for both this film and its sequels. In the climax, Helen battles Candyman beneath a bonfire for kidnapped baby Anthony’s life, subsequently burning to death and transformed into a vengeful spirit herself. Bad news for sleazy, cheating husband Trevor (Xander Berkeley) who discovers Helen’s transformation the hard way during the film’s stinger – stabbed to death after saying her name five times in the mirror.

With Candyman, a horror icon for the ages was born. The film was praised for its brooding, oppressive atmosphere and Tony Todd’s commanding performance. A sequel was inevitable. In 1995, Bill Condon’s Farewell to the Flesh was released. It follows New Orleans schoolteacher Annie (Kelly Rowan), who attempts to debunk the legend of Candyman, by saying his name. This results in the killer running amok in New Orleans, stalking Annie, her husband and friends. Although Condon’s follow-up to Candyman is by no means the worst of the ‘90s slasher sequels that were all the rage at the time (it’s not even the worst Candyman film), it lacks the originality and wit of its predecessor. It did, however, delve deeper into Candyman’s past and give him his real name – Daniel Robitaille.

This sequel was less liked than its predecessor but still reasonably successful at the box office. And so, for franchisedom’s sake, a third entry in the series was made. In 1999, Turi Meyer’s Day of the Dead was released. It stars Donna D’Errico as art gallery owner Caroline, a direct descendant of Candyman himself. Stalked by the hook-handed killer as he kills off her friends and family, Caroline is framed for murder (you know how it goes) and even meets a Candyman cult, via the biggest ball gag this side of Pulp Fiction. The straight-to-video Day of the Dead is a workmanlike entry in the series, re-treading too much old ground without bringing all that much to the table. In place of the previous films’ mood and atmosphere, it ups the nudity quotient, hoping that audiences will be blinded to the film’s sins by the fact that… ooh, Donna D’Errico isn’t wearing a bra! There are far worse horror sequels out there, but a resounding lack of enthusiasm for the film stalled the franchise, despite audiences’ love for the character and Bernard Rose’s original movie.

It could have been so very different, though. Originally written as a gaudy, brightly dressed Caucasian man who smelled like candyfloss (with a waxy yellow flesh and pale blue lips to boot), Barker’s description of Candyman couldn’t be any more different from Rose’s depiction – only the hook and bees made the transition to film. Even the whole ‘say his name five times’ deal was absent from The Forbidden. Who’s to say whether or not Tony Todd smells like candyfloss, but we would guess not. It was Todd himself who came up with Candyman’s backstory, creating the tragic tale of one, uh, Granville T. Candyman, a famous black painter in 1870s Chicago. Falling in love with the daughter of a wealthy white landowner, he was chased down by a jeering lynch mob, who cut off his hand, smothered him in honey and set a swarm of bees upon him, stinging him to death.

Thankfully, the film did away with the ludicrous ‘Granville T. Candyman’ moniker, but the rest of Todd’s original vision made it through intact. Seeing Candyman as his take on the Phantom of the Opera or Count Dracula, there’s a nobility to the character that’s absent in most of his peers – say, the vile Freddy Krueger, or imbecilic Jason and Leatherface. There’s a respectability to Candyman that most horror icons lack, and a dignity in his looming presence. Many slasher villains are driven by vengeance, but in the Candyman’s case, it’s a righteous one. You’ll never find Candyman chasing sexed-up teenagers around the woods, or getting into a fistfight with Busta Rhymes. You’d certainly never see him in space. Maybe if they had stuck with their original choice of Eddie Murphy (too expensive), but Tony Todd is too classy for all that. To speak his name gives him strength, and with the legend, Candyman can live on forever. A timeless reminder of the sins of the past, and America’s ugliest crimes. As he put it himself: “I am the writing on the wall, the whisper in the classroom! Without these things, I am nothing!

Thankfully, Candyman has nothing to worry about. Even today, he remains one of horror cinema’s most memorable antagonists thanks to his iconic design, tragic story, and Tony Todd’s masterful performance. If power comes from his legacy, drawn from whispers, dreams and nightmares, then Candyman is doing just fine – especially with Nia DaCosta and Jordan Peele’s franchise reboot on the way to terrify a new generation of movie-goers.

 

SWEETS TO THE SWEET

In Anticipation of Candyman 2020

Feel old yet? It’s been over twenty years since Candyman: Day of the Dead. Over two decades since the last Candyman movie, and even longer since Tony Todd’s horror icon made his debut. In that time, there have been no reboots, sequels, playable Mortal Kombat DLC or even comic book tie-ins for the character. In spite of Tony Todd repeatedly expressing interest in returning to the franchise, his Candyman has remained dormant, the legend well-known but inactive. “It’s a blessed condition, believe me,” the great man said once, “To live in people’s dreams; to be whispered at street corners, but not have to be.” In that respect, he could afford the time off.

But by now, most of his genre peers have managed to crossover, reboot, and come back again. Some of them have even done it multiple times. Leatherface has had more fresh starts than he’s had headcheese suppers. Michael Myers made a bunch of sequels, a remake, and another sequel, and then re-emerged in 2018 with Blumhouse’s Halloween. But Candyman’s legacy has in no way diminished in that time, and Candyman is considered by many to be a modern masterpiece; a classic, and the best Clive Barker adaptation (one’s mileage may vary, depending on how you want to rate Hellraiser).

Thankfully, the character is set to get his dues in this year’s hotly-anticipated Candyman, directed by Nia DaCosta and written by genre favourite Jordan Peele. Audiences will have to wait until the film’s release for all the gory details, but DaCosta’s reboot-slash-sequel is set to follow Yahya Abdul-Mateen II as Anthony McCoy, a young artist using Candyman as inspiration for his work. Wait… Anthony?!

Yes, it would seem that Abdul-Mateen is set to play the very same Anthony who was kidnapped as an infant in 1992’s Candyman. Vanessa Estelle Williams also appears as Anthony’s mother – back from the first film – and Cassie Kramer is credited as playing Helen Lyle. But the question on everyone’s lips is of the titular man himself (just, you know, don’t say it in front of a mirror). Just who will be donning the fur cloak and bloody hook?

In the best news possible, Tony Todd is reported to be reprising his role as Candyman. To what extent, however, remains unclear. Evil Dead 2013-style cameo? Or could we have a Freddy’s Revenge situation on our hands, with Candyman using Anthony’s body as the instrument of his revenge? We wouldn’t put it past him. Abdul-Mateen certainly has precedent in being the unwitting host of super-powered beings – playing the secret Doctor Manhattan in last year’s Watchmen.

However or whoever he turns out to be, we fancy that Candyman is in good hands with Nia DaCosta and Jordan Peele. His story has also never been timelier, well… you know what’s going on out there right now. Writer Peele has shown his genre bona fides in Get Out and Us, and the huge buzz around director DaCosta suggests she’s one to watch. Big budget horror films don’t get much more high-profile than the Candyman reboot. It’s about time the big man made his return, and the talent involved have the potential to turn this into something great. Consider us hooked.

Say his name five times and CANDYMAN will be sure to return to cinema screens soon…

[This article was originally published in STARBURST issue 474, October 2020.]