PROMETHEUS Footage Report

The publicity campaign for Ridley Scott’s Prometheus is reaching boiling point. We’ve had teaser posters, plenty of production stills, viral videos featuring cast members that don’t even mention the film’s title and more traditional trailers and posters. A new fad in movie marketing has seen announcement teasers circulate the internet to build up hype. “Don’t forget to watch the new trailer for Prometheus!” is the general message there. 

With Prometheus, do we really need ‘hype’? The fact this is Ridley Scott’s first sci-fi movie for thirty years and that he directed the mighty Alien is surely enough to create interest and fan fervour? Add to this Prometheus’ links to the 1979 sci-fi horror flick, and we’ve got some serious anticipation at play. And is it the kind of buzz that will destroy a picture if we don’t get a direct link to Alien?

On 10th April, Twentieth Century Fox decided to show the UK press a handful of non-spoiler scenes from their sci-fi spectacular and host a short Q&A with Ridley Scott, Noomi Rapace, Charlize Theron and Michael Fassbender. 

The footage shown appears to all take place more or less in the first act. On the whole, there was little in the way of grand revelations. In fact, the best we can say is the montage reel revealed character personalities and dynamics. And it, of course, looked absolutely stunning. 

The first clip features Dr. Elizabeth Shaw (Noomi Rapace) and Dr. Holloway (Logan Marshall-Green) discovering a star map in a cave on the Isle of Skye, Scotland. It is short sequence which reveals a major clue for the young archaeologists and shows Shaw and Holloway are a bit loved up. 

The second clip featured a stunning shot of outer space. The stars shimmered and blazed and the 3D was gorgeously used. Something comes into view and eagle-eyed fans will notice –immediately – that it echoes the opening of Alien, but slyly subverts it so the outer edge of a surface enveloped in darkness turns out to be the Prometheus spacecraft and not a planet.

We are now in the year 2093, and deep in space. David, the android, walks about the ship preparing for everybody to wake. The crew clearly suffer from the effects of travel. Elizabeth Shaw throws up into a container and Meredith Vickers (Charlize Theron) is quickly established as a bit of a corporate bitch.

Those images last year of Theron supposedly naked doing push ups are a bit off. She’s clearly wrapped in bandages to cover her modesty. Vickers, out of all the characters shown in the clip, is the most clearly defined. She speaks in a cold and aloof tone, but surely this is some sort of ruse and her character will grow – she doesn’t look the ‘Screaming Lambert’ type.

The next clip shown features Guy Peace (heavily made up with prosthetics) as an elderly Peter Weyland. He’s recorded a message for the Prometheus crew explaining why he gave Holloway and Shaw a spaceship and funds to find the origin of life. Weyland tells everybody gathered that David is like a son to him even though he’s a robot servant. Here we have a scene that tries to establish the backstory – one man’s riches help fund a space mission. Peter Weyland is not a major character but we know from Alien he is part of Weyland-Yutani, the corporation that asks the Nostromo to seek out the distress signal on LV-426. This is actually a great link itself because it is suggested ‘The Company’, in Alien, have prior knowledge of the alien menace. The crew, they discover to their absolute horror, is expendable.

The origins of Prometheus reside in Scott asking himself a simple but salient question: “who is the big guy in the chair, who was fondly after ‘Alien’ called The Space Jockey?”

From this notion grew an idea to make a prequel which then subsequently, we’re told repeatedly, veers away from Alien and only really provides a connection in the last ten minutes of the picture. “I went in to Fox with four questions. Who are they? Why are they there? Why that cargo and where were they going or had they in fact had a forced landing? And so in fact it was a study of a pilot and Tom Rothman said, ‘That sounds good to me’. And so off I went with two writers, John Spaihts and Damon Lindelof and we came up with the screenplay, the draft. It’s interesting when you start off with an interesting idea like that and you don’t know whether it’s going to be a prequel or a sequel, it gradually adjusted itself into much larger questions and therefore now the actual connection to the original ‘Alien’ is barely in its DNA.”

The question we have to ask is ‘Do we believe him?’ It must be difficult to balance something that is essentially connected to Alien but wants to be its own thing. Scott is a director who doesn’t repeat himself. The drip-feeding of images online, one of which shows off a xenomorph bas-relief, allows film fans to notice the general design of the alien planetoid clearly echoes H.R. Giger’s iconic and deeply weird work.

Alien is a genuinely mysterious picture and Scott is right to say his fellow directors, who worked on subsequent pictures, did not ask about the other alien creature, which is certainly more intriguing as a premise than Ellen Ripley’s unfortunate encounters with the xenomorphs. Not one of them seemed to ask where did these monsters come from – and who is the Space Jockey? Scott, finally, wants to address these questions.

Prometheus and its secrets were kept under wraps during the preview footage and the director and cast remained tight-lipped on many things. One thing is abundantly clear: the film will be stunning and give fans a sci-fi horror experience which simultaneously takes us back whilst giving us new experiences. Whether it turns out to be a close cousin to Alien or merely a distant relative remains open. Scott won’t tell us, so just wait for the finished film on 1st June.

Books! The Best Weapons In The World! – A Guide to Independent Doctor Who Publishing


With a show as broad and as deep, both in its concerns and its appeal, as Doctor Who, there were inevitably going to be people who wanted to express their enthusiasm in any number of different ways. Some dress up as characters from the series in order to attend conventions, some create fan videos (in which they themselves might appear as a Doctor or his companion), and some simply join internet forums in which they can chat with like-minded fans.

Other than these ‘unofficial’ activities, however, a whole cottage industry has grown up around Doctor Who, with licensed products ranging from the BBC’s own spin-off books series to Dalek flannels and the excellent toys of Character Options. And so much more!

Here at Starburst, we like to spread the love for the little guys, the independents (being one ourselves), and so with Doctor Who enjoying some broadcast downtime just now, we’d like to present a guide (in completely random order, chosen by reference to a pack of Doctor Who playing cards) to the independent publishers with links to the show, the kind of publishers who’ve given us The Target Book, About Time and Gallimaufry.

(U.K.) “Miwk Publishing (also on Twitter) was founded in July 2010 and is currently run by myself, Robert Hammond and Phil Ware,” says Matt West. “We had written together before on Auton: Shock & Awe for Hirst Books and were planning a Blake’s 7 book with Hirst as well which we elected to take to a different publisher for various reasons. During the course of discussion it was agreed we’d self-publish it and in doing so realised there were a lot of books we wanted to see made available. Andy Davidson had spoken about his Carry On book around that time and we’d also been planning Turn Left as well, or rather what became Turn Left.

“It’s surprisingly easy to set yourself up as a publisher, but the trick is to be very clear about what you want to publish. For example it seemed clear to us that we just couldn’t support fiction. We may well do one day and are in talks at the moment for a pretty exciting series of sci-fi novels from a prominent Doctor Who writer. But again, that’s the key – the writer already has that established fan base and it’s the fan bases we’ve been targeting. If the internet’s shown us anything then it’s that there are people out there who share some pretty obscure interests. Maybe they wouldn’t sign up to a postal mailing list in the nineties, but they’d gladly visit a webpage once or twice a week to keep up to date on, for example, Mork & Mindy. So many of these fan bases need a bible and that’s where we saw an opportunity. Michael offered us Prophets of Doom (previewed here), in fact we nearly took his arm off when he handed it to us as it was exactly the sort of book we were looking for. We don’t kid ourselves that an intensive and thorough guidebook to Doomwatch is going to be a bestseller and on the shelves of Waterstones, but that doesn’t matter to us. We’re really not in this for the money – I’d be amazed if any of the independents were! It’s all for the love of the book or the series. There are limits however – Matt would love to do a book about After Henry but no-one’s going to buy it.

“Something we were certain of was that we’d really limit the amount of Doctor Who books we’d do, in fact we originally said we wouldn’t do any at all, but then Justyce Served was already in the pipes. We have other Doctor Who related titles in the offing including two rather exciting biographies – but the nuisance with these things is that we’re just not in a position to announce them yet. Books on the way or that we can discuss cover series including The Tomorrow People, Columbo, Timeslip, Only Fools and Horses, and more Doomwatch in the form of script books for the episodes missing from the archives.

“We’re coming up to a year from when we incorporated and so far we’re doing a lot better than we’d predicted. Maximum Power! and Carry On Confidential have sold in terrific quantities and received highly favourable press. People have noticed the little things, the quality of the books, the type of paper selected to suit the subject (took us a while to find a wove suitable for Maximum Power!) and of course our inserts which we really went to town with early but will be toning down for later releases. Probably our best freebie which I can announce here for the first time is a CD which will come free with Justyce Served – I won’t say what’s on it, but it’s not a complete set of Audio Visuals … that much is certain.

“We’re getting three or four submissions a week from people and while the quality is high, the books aren’t always for us. We’ve had so many “100 greatest Zombie films” or “100 greatest films you’ve never seen” books sent to us and it’s not something we’d do. We get a heck of a lot of James Bond submissions too. With episode guides we’re unlikely to take them on unless they have something special about them, a twist or a new way of looking at things. Andy did this with Carry On Confidential which has QR codes which you can scan and be taken to every Carry On filming location on Google maps. It’s an innovative idea which we may include in another book soon.

“From September onwards, following the release of Justyce Served, we’ll no longer be taking pre-orders on books until they’ve gone to the printers. We’re not well suited to deadlines and are too nice to bully people into achieving them. We’re having fun, we’re making books we want to read and we hope we’re giving our authors what they want. We’ve been very lucky to have so many supportive and talented friends to help us on our way. Books will continue to be Miwked from our udders for some time yet.”

(U.K.) “Hirst Publishing was set up initially to publish Anneke Wills’ books,” says Tim Hirst, “so it was going to be a one-off project which would have been the two volumes of her biography, it was never meant to take off in a big way. But then we added Colin Baker’s book and I had the opportunity to take a redundancy from work and set up full-time. That was at the beginning of 2010, and it’s grown from there.

“In most cases, with the Doctor Who titles, I’ve approached the author – for example, I got in touch with Michael Troughton because I felt that that book needed to be written, and I also got in touch with Matthew Waterhouse, whose Blue Box Boy was one of our most successful books, although in this instance he had already written it – and with the fiction, they tend to approach me.

“What I always set out to do with the Doctor Who side, was give fans the books that I wanted to read, and the books that I felt fandom needed. It’s filling a much-needed gap; the perfect examples of which are the Troughton book and a perhaps more quirky titles like Single White Who Fan, which is the collected columns of Jackie Jenkins from Doctor Who Magazine. It seemed to me an obvious thing to do, to collate those into a book.”

Among Tim’s other recent successes in the area are Colin Baker’s first short story collection, Gallimaufry, Daphne Ashbrook’s autobiography, and Paul Castle’s Shooty Dog Thing series. Happily, my own first book as editor, You and Who, is also due soon.

“In 2013 we’re going to have a much-reduced output and we’re going to focus on books by Doctor Who fans, it’s the 50th anniversary and we’re going to celebrate the Doctor Who fan rather than the show; all of our books will be ‘fan books’. The first one, which will be out in February and will be launched in LA at Gallifrey, is a definitive guide to the Master. This will include biographies of all the actors who have played him, an episode guide, background on the character and interviews with various actors, writers and directors. It’s currently being compiled by a very talented film historian called Sparrow Morgan, although it is as-yet untitled.

“What we’ve found is that the minute you set up a publishing company, everybody says ‘I’ve got a book,’ and my eyes were bigger than my belly, I took far too much on. That’s the reason we’ll be downsizing during the coming year. So although I’ve been able to showcase some very talented fiction authors, really the market I want to focus on is cult TV and specialist titles – and in 2013 we’ll be doing nothing but Doctor Who. If that means the business becomes part-time rather than full-time, I’d rather do that and get the good quality books out there, because ultimately, I’m a Doctor Who fan, and that’s what I want to do.”

(U.K.) “After co-writing a book on the original 1970s series Survivors for Telos in 2005,” says Andy Priestner, “I decided I’d have a go at publishing my next book myself, primarily to retain complete creative control, but also because I found the idea of keeping all of the profits pretty darn motivating too! Without the constraint of a publisher word count I was free to produce a hugely comprehensive book on the BBC’s wartime series Secret Army (having previously produced the DVDs of this series for DD Home Entertainment). In order to publish it, Classic TV Press was born in 2008, with my brilliant wife Marisa stepping in to take charge of layout, editing and proofing, whilst jogging our new-born on her knee; all jobs – apart from the jogging – which she still performs today. Despite the Secret Army book’s considerable size – a ridiculous 692 pages, weighing in at a kilo – happily, it turned out to be rather profitable.

“We had both enjoyed our first experience of publishing, so I decided to take a break from writing in order to help build our new business by commissioning titles from other authors. Fast forward to 2010, during which we published books on: the BBC’s new series of Survivors written by Rich Cross; the BBC’s Being Human by Joanne Black; and the first Matt Smith series of Doctor Who by Frank Collins: The Pandorica Opens – our second most successful title to date. In early 2011 we secured a UK distributor for our titles, which is essentially the difference between having your books listed as ‘in stock’ on Amazon or not. A necessary evil, given that most customers don’t buy from us direct, despite the fact that if they did we’d fulfil their orders more quickly and keep more of the profits to reinvest in new titles.

“One of the great joys of my involvement in the Secret Army and Kessler DVD releases and my subsequent book was befriending director Michael E. Briant, so I was thrilled when he agreed to write a memoir for us which would pay particularly close attention to his time on Doctor Who. When some time later he apologetically sent me the first three chapters – which take in his memories of working on The Crusade and Power of the Daleks – convinced that his writing was ‘no good’, it didn’t take me long to realise that, on the contrary, Michael has a highly readable and entertaining writing style and, just as importantly, had lots of tales to tell that had never seen the light of day before. I am confident that Doctor Who fans everywhere will devour Who is Michael E. Briant? in just one or two sittings. It is no exaggeration to say that the only difficulty with this title was deciding which of Michael’s many brilliant anecdotes to use on the back cover! We publish his memoir on the 4th of May.

“Since 2010 I’ve been writing another massive book, this time on classic BBC wartime drama: Tenko. It was important for me to have both the creator’s blessing and input (as I’d had with the late great Gerry Glaister for Secret Army) and I’ve therefore consulted its superlative creator Lavinia Warner throughout. I’ve also received extensive contributions from the series’ talented writers, Jill Hyem and Anne Valery, and cast including Stephanie Beacham, Louise Jameson and Stephanie Cole. My Tenko tome will be published in October. Also in the pipeline are a book on Blake’s 7 by Virgin Doctor Who adventures writer David McIntee and two more autobiographies, about which all I can say at the moment is that they will be written by an actor and an actress respectively. Over the past year we have also ventured into the world of theatre with a new imprint, Upstage, under which we have published a play written by Brass and Return of the Jedi actress Caroline Blakiston, and are working on another title penned by Big Finish actress and writer Helen Goldwyn.

“Also relatively new is offering our new titles on Kindle as well as in print, a plan to extend our reach by selling our range direct from the US as well, and a revised logo (pictured). We plan to attend London Film and Comic Con in the summer and may pop up at some other events too. It’s a busy time at Classic TV Press Towers.”

(U.K.) “I.B.Tauris is an independent, scholarly publishing house that has pioneered a distinctive approach to the publication of new scholarly writing in the humanities and social sciences,” says Philippa Brewster, senior editor of the Visual Culture and Media publishing department. “We aim to publish books that appeal to academics, students and researchers, and with a demand for accessible writing and books that cross over to the wide general readership for thoughtful nonfiction.

“Founded in London in 1983, and publishing internationally through the I.B.Tauris imprint, in partnership with Palgrave/St Martins in the US, Tauris now publishes 400 new books every year for the international market. Tauris keeps approximately 3,000 books available in print either in hardcover or paperback editions. Tauris is currently engaged in a major project in electronic publishing, making all our books available also as Kindle editions.

“I.B.Tauris has long been recognised as one of the leading publishers in Middle East and the Islamic World, and in The Moving Image, Communications and Media, Art and Photography criticism, as well as having a major presence in Classics and Ancient History, History, Geography and Social Sciences, Politics and International Relations, Philosophy, Religion. The Tauris Parke paperback imprint is dedicated to general publishing on travel and biography.”

With regard to Tauris’ publishing project, ‘Who Watching,’ Philippa Brewster asked James Chapman to write a cultural history of Doctor Who for the expanding Sci-Fi/Fantasy TV list at Tauris. “His book, Inside the Tardis: The Worlds of Doctor Who was published in 2006 and has reprinted many times; a new, up-dated edition of Inside the Tardis is due out for the Doctor’s anniversary in 2013. By the time Inside the Tardis appeared, there were three more books on Doctor Who in the pipeline: Tardisbound (published 2011) by Piers D Britton, exploring the Doctor in different media, including audio and novels; Love and Monsters by Miles Booy on the Doctor’s relationship with the fans (2012), and Matt Hills’ Triumph of a Time Lord (2010) on Doctor Who in the 21st Century. (Matt Hills is now writing a book on Torchwood for Tauris). And, don’t blink, the project continues, with a book for the fans by Graham Sleight on The Doctor’s Monsters publishing summer 2012, New Dimensions of Doctor Who, fresh approaches to the Doctor, edited by Matt Hills (2013) and Doctor Who: The Eleventh Hour, a critical celebration of the Matt Smith/Steven Moffat era, edited by Andrew O’Day, also for 2013. These books have come about either as commissioned by the Tauris editor or coming from authors/editors approaching her with new projects to propose.

“Why the many books on the Doctor at Tauris? Why the ongoing Who Watching project? Well, the Doctor is central to contemporary media, and remarkably almost spans the history of television itself. They are written for a receptive audience of fans and students. They have on the whole been welcomed by Doctor Who fans who are the best kind of fans, intelligent and loyal, with deep, deep knowledge of their field, provocative in their views, discriminating and critical too – they keep this publisher on its toes, to publish the best writing on and thinking about this extraordinary phenomenon that is Doctor Who. These individual books also form a community, engaged in an argumentative dialogue. Why the many books? The Tauris editor has a timey wimey detector, which goes ding when there’s good stuff to publish on the Doctor. And has, since she was a little girl, loved and faithfully followed the Doctors Who.”

(U.S.A.) Mad Norwegian Press, historically the only American publisher on this list, operates from Des Moines, the capital city of Iowa. The company was founded by Publisher/Editor-in-Chief Lars Pearson, a former newspaper editor and staffer at Wizard, ToyFare and InQuest magazines, who was “indoctrinated” (as he puts it) into Doctor Who through its weekly broadcasts on Iowa Public Television.

“My parents didn’t like science-fiction, and didn’t like my interest in it,” says Pearson, “but I lucked out in that they convinced themselves that Doctor Who was a veterinarian show. After all, the main character was named ‘the Doctor’, and the show starred Peter Davison, who they remembered from All Creatures Great and Small. The first story I tried to watch was Snakedance, which they switched off as being too scary… but it involved snakes, which I suppose just reinforced the whole veterinarian thing. It was fortunate that they were out of the house the next Friday, when I watched all of Mawdryn Undead, because the mutants with their brains hanging out would have been harder to explain.

“Not long after, I was horrified when my mother found my copy of the novelisation of The Visitation – it had a stock photo of Davison on the cover, which was safe enough – and she started reading the first few pages. The opening scene peacefully read, ‘A fox ran through the woods, a woman writing with a quill saw lights in the sky, yadda, yadda, yadda’ – and I felt a great swell of relief when Mother stopped there, and didn’t get as far as the Terileptil android wandering into the house and slaughtering everyone.”

Pearson cut his teeth in book publishing with guidebooks to the Doctor Who novels (“Nobody else was doing them, so there was a gap in the market for it,” he says), but Mad Norwegian in recent years has become renowned for a string of seminal Doctor Who non-fiction projects… Ahistory (places every Doctor Who story on a timeline from the beginning of time to the end of the universe, the Third Edition of which is forthcoming), the multi-volume About Time series (examines the social and political real-world context, and the state of television production, in which each Doctor Who story was made), Running Through Corridors (Robert Shearman and Toby Hadoke re-watch every Doctor Who story and try to accentuate the positive) and Chicks Dig Time Lords (a collection of essays on women and Doctor Who, which won a 2011 Hugo Award).

With regards the scheduling on future projects, Pearson plays things very close to his vest. “I’ve learned the harm that’s done when you formally solicit the release of a book that’s not as far along as it should be, then wind up frustrating everyone by delaying it a year or so, or dash it out without proper quality control.

“That said, it’s no secret that we’re working on About Time 7, which will cover Series 1 and 2 of New WhoRunning Through Corridors 2, in which Rob and Toby comment upon the 70s episodes; Ahistory Third Edition, which will cover every Doctor Who story through the end of 2011 and include all of the spin-offs such as Bernice Summerfield, etc; and another essay collection on women and Doctor Who. We hope to formally announce the release dates for some of these sooner rather than later… but only when they’re in my computer, ready to go, and more edited than not.”

(U.K.) Telos Publishing are perhaps the UK’s best-known independent publishers of Doctor Who books. “Telos Publishing was set up by myself and fellow Doctor Who historian Stephen James Walker in 2000, primarily as a vehicle to publish a range of Doctor Who Novellas, which went on to receive great critical acclaim,” says David J Howe. “We also then started to publish non-fiction titles on a variety of shows, including Doctor Who, Stargate, Blake’s 7 and many others. We are enthusiastic and passionate about books and publishing and take great care to ensure that all aspects of Telos’ titles are as good as we can possibly get them.

“We’re a friendly small press with bags of enthusiasm and love of publishing and books. We won the 2006 World Fantasy Award in the best Non-Professional category for our publishing work, the British Fantasy Award for Best Small Press in 2010 and 2011, and several of our titles have won literary and design awards over the years.”

In fact, all modesty notwithstanding, Telos are the company behind The Target Book, the Talkback series of collected interviews, Wiped! – Richard Molesworth’s guide to Doctor Who’s missing episodes, and Stephen James Walker’s series-by-series guides to the new series (of which the first two Matt Smith volumes are due later in 2012), as well as any number of other Doctor Who-related books, and indeed a large and increasing amount of cult TV and film volumes, on subjects ranging from horror movies to the ThunderCats, Space: 1999 and even Till Death Us Do Part. 2012 sees publication of Hunted, a guide to the Supernatural series, as well as a Blake’s 7 merchandise guide, books on Battlestar Galactica and Ang Lee’s Hulk (the first Movie Classics title) and the first of a series of guides to the Eurovision Song Contest! Telos also produce fiction, including reprints of Mike Ripley’s comic crime novels in the Angels series, a considerable number of horror and fantasy titles, and the Time Hunter series of novellas, a spin-off from Doctor Who.

Indeed, Telos also welcome submissions: “We’re always interested in ideas for Guides, especially where the author has some unique selling point – specialist research in the show, access to interviewees, photographic access and so on. Fiction is commissioned rather than us accepting unsolicited manuscripts. Familiarity with what we do would be very helpful. Please contact us by email before sending anything. We can then discuss your ideas and see if they might fit our profile. We would then discuss with the author what we’d like to see in terms of copy and manuscript. The average time it takes to respond to a submission can vary greatly depending on workloads. If we’re not interested, then we usually respond within days; but if there’s something of interest then we may take longer to consider before responding. However, please remember – we ask that you don’t send anything without having spoken to us first.”

(U.K.) “Obverse Books was founded in 2008 by myself and Paul Magrs,” says Stuart Douglas. “We’d been friends online for years and been looking for something we could do together, creatively, but none of our various ideas were ever quite right. Then we were discussing the fact that there was virtually no outlet for short story writing from the plethora of excellent genre writers we knew (especially with the end of the Short Trips books from Big Finish) and it was a pretty small leap from that to deciding to publish a book of our own. That was the only intention at first – a single book featuring stories by our friends (and us!).

“Obviously, we didn’t want to actually lose money, so a Doctor Who-related subject for the book was essential – and Iris Wildthyme was perfect! So we made up a list of all our favourite Doctor Who authors and mailed, texted and phoned them up, then sat back and waited! Luckily, almost everyone responded positively – including June Hudson, who agreed to do the cover art for nothing, and Katy Manning, who was equally happy to do us an introduction.

“And it was so much fun to do that first book (Iris Wildthyme and the Celestial Omnibus), that when Paul and I met up in Manchester later that year, we decided straight away to do another – and we haven’t stopped since!

“Now – three years later – Obverse have published five Iris Wildthyme collections (the latest previewed here), plus books of ghost stories, single author collections and even our first novel . We also have the rights to all Faction Paradox prose and, following a very successful first collection last year, will be releasing a second collection, plus Faction novels and novellas in the future.

 

“Of everything we do, I most enjoy the Obverse Quarterly, though. That’s four short story paperbacks a year, each on a different genre topic, with the latest edition sent out every quarter. We’re just about to start the second year of subs for the Quarterly and, after managing to attract writers of the quality of George Mann and Mike Moorcock last year, this year we’re offering collections featuring Iris and the City of the Saved, amongst others.

“As with every book we publish, we will be featuring brand new authors in every book, alongside more established ones – an active and frequently used slush pile is essential both in terms of keeping the books fresh and in fulfilling one of the goals of Obverse – to tap into the massive potential of the genre reader. There are so many good writers out there who struggle to get into print that it’s a particular pleasure to be involved in giving such writers an outlet. Without the slush pile, I’d never have met Cody Quijano-Schell, for instance, who is now a vital Obverse cog and has written for us, edited his own collection of short stories and designs most of our covers.

“Coming up, we will be releasing a new YA novel by Paul Magrs, The Ninnies, in the late spring, plus Paul has edited a collection of gay genre fiction entitled Shenanigans which should be out in the first half of 2012. The final book in the first year’s Obverse Quarterly, Zenith Lives! is also out in the next month. And then there’s various Faction Paradox books, a collection of Christmas short stories by George Mann and a new range of eBook-only releases to come by the end of the year!

“Lots of stuff in the offing, really.”

(U.S.A.) ATB Publishing are about to become the new kids on the trans-continental block.

“I grew up a Star Wars and Star Trek fan,” says Arnold T Blumberg, “and apart from catching the last ten minutes of The Armageddon Factor once and then seeing the entirety of The Leisure Hive thinking I was watching a stand-alone British sci-fi movie, it didn’t entice me to come back for more. Then, one summer night in 1987 (and I only know this specifically thanks to the good folks at the BroaDWcast project), I saw Attack of the Cybermen and believe it or not, that story drew me in. Now we all know the general fan consensus about Attack, but for a newcomer I think it grabbed me for exactly the reasons some fans found it – and still find it – uncomfortable. It was so steeped in continuity, so obviously linked to a vast history of storytelling I could only guess at, that it made me want to know more. And there was Peri of course, let’s not discount that.

“The next day I discovered another local PBS station was running a completely different era of the show, because I turned it on only to see a black and white story called Ambassadors of Death. A chance to immerse myself in a new universe on two fronts every weekend! I was hooked after that. Doctor Who Monthly (when my comic shop got them), Targets, and of course the stunning texts first by Peter Haining and then David J. Howe. His books were my references, and I never imagined one day I’d be working with him.

“Flash forward to me working as an editor on The Overstreet Comic Book Price Guide and other collectibles guides. I pitched the idea of a Who merchandise guide, and I knew the only man that could help was David. I contacted him cold, he was very gracious and had been wanting to do such a book for years. When my company decided not to pursue it, David and I decided to join forces to make it happen ourselves. And here we are two full editions and three updates later and the Howe’s Transcendental Toybox series has been very successful. It brought me into the fan community when I began attending Chicago TARDIS and Gallifrey One to promote the books, it led to my first charity fan fiction and professional licensed fiction being published, and numerous other books with David’s Telos Publishing as his designer/layout artist, including The Target Book. I’ve also contributed to the Time, Unincorporated series from Mad Norwegian.

“I’ve been working in publishing for twenty years as a writer, editor, designer, production manager, and so on. For a long time now I’ve wanted to take the reins, so to speak. Through conversations with J. Shaun Lyon , we discovered that at one time or another all of us had the same idea for a book. Doctor Who is one of the most documented television shows in the history of the medium, but one missing piece is the story of American fandom itself – the clubs, the conventions, the PBS pledge drives, the online activity – the community and culture that grew over decades around a show from across the ocean and how that community even affected the very series it loved. Today we have same-day airing on BBC America, premiere screenings in New York, and episodes shot on location in Utah and soon NY.

“When we all talked about what we wanted this book to be, I decided this would be the perfect project to launch my own press. This is a huge undertaking with a lot of research and planning. Our catch-phrase for the book is, ‘Every American Doctor Who fan has a story to tell.’ We’re asking fans online and at conventions to contribute their feedback, talk about their experiences, provide ephemera like old con flyers and fanzines and TV ads, and so it’s a book that needs a lot of time to get right. Red White and Who: The Story of Doctor Who in America has a temporary web page at my site and a Facebook page too.

“In the meantime, I was approached by Dr. Robert Smith?, with whom I share an unhealthy personal and professional passion for zombies. He had an idea for an essay collection called Outside In: 160 New Perspectives on 160 Classic Doctor Who Stories by 160 Writers. That may be a very long title – that seems to be a trend already here – but it’s an exciting approach that turns the whole idea of a Doctor Who review book on its head.

“There’s not much else I can say right now as aspects of the business planning for ATB are still in the works, but hopefully you’ll hear – and see – a lot more soon, including release dates and other details. Like many of the other publishers featured here, my main concern is to publish the best quality books I can, books I would want to read myself as a fan. And no, I don’t plan to just focus on Doctor Who non-fiction. It’s an obvious launching point for many of us in this community, but it’s only the beginning. There are other ideas already in the pipeline, and I have a lot of things I want to accomplish; it’s a big pop culture universe out there. And yes, I am open to hearing pitches for projects, so folks can feel free to get in touch with me. My website is www.atbpublishing.com and while it’s devoted to a lot of my personal work right now, the site will soon switch over to being a dedicated base for the publishing company and its projects.”

(U.K.) “Fantom started approximately six years ago, when I studied Theatre at Warwick University,”  says Dexter O’Neill. “I would spend all my spare time, and to be truthful, time I was meant to be studying, working at the University television station WTV where I was the head of Drama. It dawned on me that I could be spending this time working for myself on my own production company rather than slaving away on student films. Therefore Fantom Films was born. Our primary aim was to produce drama and documentary film – we did a couple of rather dodgy sci-fi dramas and cult television documentaries including Beyond Tomorrow.

“Over the next couple of years, we have also produced a number of audio books and plays, together with corporate films and DVDs. Then I met Paul Ballard, and the face of the company completely changed, with the addition of events management and book publishing, which as it happens dovetail nicely!

“The first author we signed up was Deborah Watling, through a suggestion from Paul, who wanted to assist in the writing. We then approached Barry Letts, who we’d meet at conventions, and then Mary Tamm mentioned during a recording session for Time Hunter that she had started to write her autobiography – and we pounced! Even though Mary’s book was the third to be signed up, it was our first to be published.

“There is a great satisfaction from holding a printed book published by my company in my hands – it was a great and excited feeling, one I still get today when a book is delivered for the first time. I am very pleased to report that we had a universally positive response to our first three titles and we have gone on to develop the range ever since.

“I would say the general ethos is to have fun. Which I hope is apparent, particularly in our events – there is no point in publishing a title you don’t enjoy or indeed working with that particular person. We also like to try and do something a little different or niche too. If we can’t do a particular book justice there is no point in doing it.”

“Publishing Doctor Who related titles was a by-product of doing the Cult TV/Doctor Who events – we’d got to know the actors and people behind the series and the contacts were there to utilise. And there is no denying it that Paul and I myself are fans of the series. It was also a solid platform on which to build a publishing company as there is a fan base to sell to.”

I asked Dexter about his approach to choosing authors, and whether he sought them out or they came to him.

“It is always a mixture to be honest; at first we did all the approaching but now more and more actors and their agents are approaching us. I suppose it is a little like Chinese whispers – one person writes a book and their friends see it, like the content and quality and they get in touch. We only choose titles we want to publish and see an audience in.

“We will continue to publish autobiographies and Doctor Who related titles, but we are continuing to expand our titles, and looking at going into other areas particularly after the success of our fiction releases this year. We will also be re-launching the film side of the business. It’s a very exciting time for Fantom.

“We have just published Jacqueline Pearce’s autobiography From Byfleet to the Bush, (reviewed here) which again is a very different title as even though it is an autobiography from an actress, it is a very deep and emotional book about her personal journey through life rather than anecdotes about Blake’s 7. It’s a book with lots of honesty and integrity – very proud to have published it.

“We are also about to publish Titanic … And the Strange Case of Great Uncle Bertie written by Valentine Palmer (from Day of the Daleks!) about his Great Uncle, Charles Lightroller who was the highest ranking surviving officer from the disaster. It is a very revealing book, discussing his memories of the man and looking back at the tragedy, the inquests that followed and Charles’ involvement in a possible cover up! Very exciting.

“The audiobooks will continue throughout the year – including Kate O’Mara’s play called Shadow in the Sun about the relationship between Mary Queen of Scots and Elizabeth I… And Emilia Fox has just started in the thriller Gaslight by Patrick Hamilton for us.

“The second half of this year is going to be very busy with (hopefully) more than eight titles – authors include Richard Franklin, Angela Douglas, Sheila Steafel and Mary Tamm. All of which will be revealed in the next few weeks. We are currently securing titles for February 2013 and onwards.”

(U.K.) “Big Finish has been around since 1998, when it released its first Bernice Summerfield audio adventure, licensed from the Virgin Doctor Who New Adventures book series,” says Paul Spragg. “Using the Benny audios as a calling card, executive producers Jason Haigh-Ellery and Gary Russell pitched the idea of doing brand new Doctor Who audios to the BBC, and were granted the licence.

“Big Finish is now releasing a new full cast Doctor Who story each month featuring one of the surviving classic series Doctors: Peter Davison, Colin Baker, Sylvester McCoy and Paul McGann. The range has expanded into spin-offs starring the Daleks, the Cybermen, UNIT and BBC Books character Iris Wildthyme – amongst others – and branched out to include the Companion Chronicles, using the fellow travellers of the first three Doctors to tell stories from those eras. In 2011, after over a decade of trying (on and off) to secure his services, Tom Baker signed up to reprise the role of the Fourth Doctor in his own range of full cast dramas.

“Alongside its audio plays, Big Finish has also made many forays into books. Early on, it was decided that the Bernice Summerfield audios could be enhanced by books – sometimes full-length novels, sometimes short story collections – which built and expanded upon the ongoing narrative of the audios. The tradition continues today, with a book released to tie in with each box set release.

“Big Finish also picked up the licence to produce Doctor Who Short Trips books, the range of short story collections having been started by BBC Books. After twenty-eight releases, however, the licence was lost and copies of the books now change hands online for astonishing amounts of money. A new licence has recently been acquired to produce all-new fiction based on Blake’s 7, and the first book in that range, The Forgotten (preview here), is due for release in May.

“More recently, Big Finish has expanded into original fiction. Having worked with Rob Shearman on several Doctor Who audios (one of which, Jubilee, became the loose basis for the revived TV show’s Dalek), Big Finish agreed to publish his second collection of short stories, Love Songs for the Shy and Cynical. Extremely well-received, and indeed award-winning, Love Songs was followed by last year’s Everyone’s Just So So Special, a bigger collection of stories and one that also saw Rob offer to write an individual short story for the 100 people who bought the limited edition leather-bound version of the book. The results of his epic writing quest can be found here.

“Following a foray into self-help real life publishing with After the Break-Up, the story of what happened after Carrie Sutton split from her husband and re-entered the dating game, Big Finish took on The Mervyn Stone Mysteries, the first books from TV, radio and Private Eye writer Nev Fountain, best known for his work on Dead Ringers. Mervyn Stone is the scriptwriter of the now-defunct sci-fi series Vixens from the Void, an eighties spectacle famed for its over-the-top nature. While plying his trade at conventions and events remembering Vixens, Mervyn always seems to find himself caught up in murder mysteries that he uses his script editing insight to solve. Three books have so far been published, namely Geek Tragedy, DVD Extras Include: Murder and Cursed Among Sequels.”

Nev Fountain (recently interviewed in Starburst) has the following to say on the subject: “I was delighted when Big Finish picked up The Mervyn Stone Mysteries, because they ‘got’ the concept of the books – and not just in the whole ‘Script Editor of Dead Sci-Fi TV series Featuring Sexy Ladies Solves Murders’ sense. They also got what I wanted to do commercially.

“They got it when I said I wanted to release three books simultaneously, to create an instant range, when I said I thought people consume their entertainment in different ways these days. They watch DVD box sets rather than episodes and they buy up all books by one author and read them right through; I said I wanted readers to have enough products so they could do the same with Mervyn Stone. They got it, because they have bags of experience in the marketplace and what sells to fans. And I’m glad the strategy paid off. Part of me wishes they hadn’t got it, because then I wouldn’t have had to write three books in six months, but hey ho. I’m sure my fingers will grow back eventually.

“Of course Big Finish has a lot of talent at its disposal in all media, sound and vision. It’s the reason why we could do a podcast adventure to sell the books. It’s the reason why the books look so good. It’s the reason why we can keep plugging them via the web so they keep on selling. I don’t think they’d have turned out nearly as well if they’d been picked up by another publisher.”

Miscellanea

Of course, there are also any number of other independent publishers who just have the one, or perhaps two, Doctor Who books on their lists. Will Brooks and Nick Mellish’s voyage through the entire eighth Doctor audio canon, for example, is recorded in Memoirs of an Edwardian Adventurer, from Pageturner Publishing. ECW Press, meanwhile, have recently issued Graeme Burk and Robert Smith?’s Who Is The Doctor, a guide to the six series broadcast since 2005. There are a number of other guides looking into recent Who also out there, including Steven Cooper and Kevin Mahoney’s Steven Moffat’s Doctor Who 2010, from Punked Books.

Doctor Who has also seen something of a groundswell amongst academic publishers, with the likes of Ruminations, Peregrinations, and Regenerations: A Critical Approach to Doctor Who (Chris Hansen, Cambridge Scholars Publishing), Courtland Lewis and Paula Smithka’s Doctor Who and Philosophy (Bigger on the Inside) (Open Court Publishing) and The Mythological Dimensions of Doctor Who from Kitsune Books (edited by Anthony Burdge, Jessica Burke and Kristine Larsen).

In 2009, Kamera Books published Brian J. Robb’s guide to the first 45 years of Doctor Who, Timeless Adventures: How Doctor Who Conquered TV, and from the Science Fiction Foundation there is a volume of essays on the Russell T Davies era, The Unsilent Library: Adventures in New Doctor Who, the same period as covered in Kasterborous’ first foray into publishing, Ultimate Regeneration: The Incredible Resurrection of Doctor Who, assembled by Christian Cawley. Blue Eyes Books have collected together any number of quotes about the show, in The Quotable Doctor Who: Volume One.

Finally, John Blake Publishing, who tend to specialise in “airport” books, have released several Doctor Who related titles, including The Doctor Who’s Who by Craig Cabell and biographies of Matt Smith, David Tennant and Billie Piper; these are soon to be joined by Doctor Who Illustrated, Ally Molloy’s guide to the recent series.

And it would be remiss of me not to mention Lulu, the self-publishing site that have been responsible for any number of unofficial and unlicensed titles in recent times. If you’re looking for something a little different, a little out of leftfield (or a little rubbish!), you can do worse than scroll through the reams of Doctor Who titles available – you never know, you might strike lucky and discover one of the decent ones; The Prison in Space (an unproduced Patrick Troughton story) is one such, and a personal find that I’ve thoroughly enjoyed has been Richard Kirby’s delightfully-written quest to obtain the autographs of all the Doctor’s female companions, Desperately Seeking Susan Foreman.

Important Note: All of the hyperlinks used in this article have been designed to send you to the publisher’s websites in their country of origin, or as noted next to each section header. Before ordering, please check and ensure they’re happy to deliver books to you in your country of residence, otherwise an alternative bookseller closer to home should be sought.

AVENGERS ASSEMBLE Preview: What Can We Expect From Whedon?

* Warning: Article contains mild spoilers for some of Joss Whedon’s previous output *

Marvel Studios has been guarding the secrets of Avengers Assemble so closely that even after several trailers we still barely even know what it’s going to be about. But given writer/director Joss Whedon’s past form, we can make some educated guesses about what we can expect from his approach…

Iron Man/Tony Stark 

We can expect Whedon to give him the brains of Dollhouse’s Topher teamed with the mouth of Captain Mal Reynolds. A fearsome (and surefire comedy gold) combination.

Captain America/Steve Rogers

Please don’t make him all bland patriotic army-guy like Buffy the Vampire Slayer’s ill-advised Riley. Please. It’s more likely (hopefully) that Whedon will make him more like Angel during one of his good ol’ days reveries, with the clear morals of early-Buffy Willow and the polite fuddy-duddyness of Firefly’s Simon Tam.

Thor

Whedon’s done a god before in the shape of Buffy villain Glory, but I doubt Thor would look so good in strappy red heels. He might have the same spoilt sense of entitlement though. However, his angsty relationship with the film’s bad guy might make Thor this film’s Buffy Summers.

The Hulk/Bruce Banner

With Bruce Banner we basically have Buffy’s Oz – a good-natured, laconic, smart guy hiding a rampaging monster inside him. Whedon even did an episode in which a particularly furious Oz spontaneously transformed into a werewolf outside of a full moon, so he has form with rage monsters.

Black Widow/Natasha Romanoff

In Whedon’s hands I’m hoping she’ll be less of the leather-clad blow-up doll she was in Iron Man 2 and instead be something between rogue Slayer Faith and Wolfram and Hart’s cunning Lilah Morgan. A woman working for the man but loyal only to herself, seducing everyone she passes and kicking ass with her eyes closed. ‘Want, take, have’ indeed.

Hawkeye/Clint Barton

We really don’t know anything about him. He could be a Jayne-style loose canon, a Zoe-style soldier or a Xander-style smart-mouth. Either way, anyone else getting a sneaking suspicion that he could end up stealing the show?

Nick Fury

He’s the big boss man, trying to keep some very big personalities in check but showing a wee soft spot for some of his favourite heroes. So he’s Dollhouse’s Adelle DeWitt, basically.

 

Loki

Whedon knows his way round a good villain, and Loki looks like he could be in the mold of Dark Willow – a once-good figure, now corrupted and vengeful but still with the chance that he could turn good for the final reel. Or, he could be Angelus to Thor’s Buffy (in an entirely platonic sense, of course).

Big fights

Whedon is the king of finales which pit our small band of heroes against impossible hordes. Just think of Buffy and her gang entering the Hellmouth in the series seven finale, or Angel and co ‘going to work’ on the amassed monsters of Wolfram and Hart, and the Serenity crew taking on the Reavers.

 

The Whedon death

Our Joss loves a good shock death, so can we expect one of our heroes to bite the dust before the credits role? Hawkeye died (briefly) in the comics and he doesn’t have a follow-up film announced yet, unlike Iron Man, Cap and Thor, so might he cop it? Basically, if half way through the film one of the supporting characters is looking particularly awesome, start preparing yourself for their cruel and untimely death.

 

S.H.I.E.L.D.

Whedon has done big organisations before, but they tend to not be very nice. Angel’s Wolfram and Hart and Dollhouse’s Rossum Corporation were excellent examples of smooth, corporate pure evil. Buffy’s The Initiative had good intentions but were fatally flawed. Judging from this, can we expect this film to show the Avengers uncovering corruption at the heart of S.H.I.E.L.D. and setting themselves up as the independent organisation they are in the comics? Would that make Nick Fury a bit of a Boyd?

Whedon dialogue

The fact that he never won an Emmy for his shows is an outrage – everyone knows the man can write. He also has a propensity for casting actors with a strong history in comedy (he cast How I Met Your Mother’s Cobie Smulders as Maria Hill), so we can expect Robert Downey Jnr and Chris Evans to work especially well with him. And let’s face it, he won’t be able to resist the urge to put some killer one-liners in Samuel L Jackson’s mouth.

Cameos

Whedon is never far from his trusty acolytes, so might we see Nathan Fillion or Amy Acker popping up somewhere? There’s also room for him to squeeze in some surprise Marvel character cameos, or set up characters for bigger roles down the line. Maybe he’ll combine the two and we’ll get Alan Tudyk or Fran Kranz as Henry Pym or Sarah Michelle Gellar as Sharon Carter?

 

Female characters

Self-confessed feminist Whedon is known for his iconic, nuanced and ass-kicking female characters. All he has to work with in The Avengers is Black Widow (who we can expect to be much cooler than she was in Iron Man 2) and Maria Hill (who he could do a lot with). Given the film’s rumoured focus on Steve Rogers and the S.H.I.E.L.D. setting, Sharon Carter is one of the more likely new characters to be introduced. Miss Marvel would also be right up Whedon’s alley and if they go the Ultimates route, she has strong S.H.I.E.L.D. links too. But what I really, really want to see is Whedon getting his hands on Jessica Jones. Oh well, there’s always the sequel.

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‘Marvel Avengers Assemble’ will be at cinemas from Thursday 26th April 2012. For more info go to http://www.facebook.com/AvengersUK

Thoughts? Share ’em with your fellow readers in the Comments section or on Twitter @Starburst_Mag

The Legend of Harryhausen’s Beast

 

It’s the dead of night. All you hear is the cold wind whistling around the lighthouse, and ocean waves crashing against the rocks. Then an unearthly call. The horrendous cry of a giant beast from seventy million years ago. The lighthouse shakes as the beast pulls itself from the swelling water and uses all of its strength to bring the structure down around you. And then all is darkness. This is a scene from The Beast From 20,000 Fathoms (1953). It was based on an idea by famed sci-fi author Ray Bradbury and animated by the legend Ray Harryhausen.

With the release of Wrath Of The Titans, there will undoubtedly be a great storm of opinions on how the film could never live up to Harryhausen’s works, and how he was so far ahead of his time. With this in mind, perhaps a look at the very first full-length feature that he worked on is in order? It is worth noting that the film was of course written by Bradbury and directed by Eugene Lourie, who went on to make various other monster features, but Harryhausen produced all of the effects work himself, without even an assistant!

If you’ve not seen The Beast From 20,000 Fathoms, the story is thus; An American team of scientists test an atomic weapon in the frozen wastes of the Arctic. This wakes a dinosaur (the fictional Rhedosaurus), who has a massive hangover and heads straight for Manhattan to find his breakfast. A simple plot, but built around this are some fantastic set-pieces and some sub-plots which have more to them than the simple premise sets up. Indeed, the themes have been repeated all the way through to the biggest and most recent Hollywood monster films Cloverfield, Godzilla and Monsters. It’s also worth noting that this is probably the first film to use the ‘woken by an atomic bomb’ device that became so standard for monster films forever more.

There is a dialogue throughout the film about whether the Rhedosaurus should be captured ‘for science’ or killed. An interesting notion, and one that builds our sympathy for this poor lost creature. The conflict between science and the military is fascinating, and still relevant today. The moral ambiguity of our lead hero Tom Nesbitt being one of the scientists working on the atomic test however, is surely different being seen through modern eyes, as is the ultimate use of this technology to destroy the creature. The struggle by standard military forces to combat these monsters is of course a major theme in all such films – if only because the monster would otherwise be killed very quickly.

The use of New York as an iconic location was pioneered by King Kong (1933). Indeed, with all features on monster films, it’s impossible not to trace an awful lot back to Kong. With The Beast, however, there are certain shots which have then been echoed – the Rhedosaurus climbing out of the river, and walking the streets in broad daylight are all almost shot-for-shot used in 1998’s Godzilla. There’s even a point at which he crashes through a building, again used almost exactly the same way in Godzilla.

Following one intense fight with some military forces, the poor Rhedosaurus is injured and bleeding. The trail of blood that he leaves soon begins to affect anyone in the area, causing soldiers to collapse at their posts. This is an interesting plot development, as it limits the methods that can be used to kill the beast. What is most interesting, however, is that it illustrates just how alien the creature is, and how different his natural habitat was to ours now. This was revisited in JJ Abrams’ Cloverfield, where there is a great deal of danger from the ugly little parasites that the monster brings to New York with it. In the even more recent Monsters this is taken further with our own world slowly being changed to suit that of the alien life. Most visibly, this is explored in The Mist, where humans clearly fare less well in an alien environment than the aliens can in ours. This could be a symbol of our own frailty, or a sign of ex-Imperial Western culture’s fear of being ‘colonised’ or simply an exaggeration of our fear of the unknown. Whichever you may think, it started with King Kong but was refined in The Beast From 20,000 Fathoms.

We must also look at the pioneering effects work. As mentioned earlier, Harryhausen didn’t use assistants, so every frame of stop-motion was his. The outcome of this is that the Rhedosaurus has a full personality, and is so much more than a simple monster. It was with The Beast From 20,000 Fathoms that Harryhausen perfected the use of rear projection and matting to be able to integrate the stop-motion and live action elements to an entirely new standard. This is shown to its fullest potential with the scenes of the Rhedosaurus rampaging around New York, with the City in the background and terrified people running in the foreground. Through the use of filtered glass and carefully controlled lighting, he managed to merge the different shots almost seamlessly. A tight special effects budget, largely relying on one man? Step forward Gareth Edwards and Monsters. Have things moved on at all?

Far from being a simple ‘B-movie’ monster film, The Beast From 20,000 Fathoms set the template for every monster film to come, and managed in a short 80 minute duration to explore various themes that have remained pertinent in films all the way through to Cloverfield and Monsters. It will be interesting to see whether Gareth Edwards’ new Godzilla will continue with the same template set out by Harryhausen, Bradbury and their Rhedosaurus nearly sixty years ago.

***

Wrath of the Titans opens March 30th and is reviewed HERE.

Bleeding for Young Adults with Monica S Kuebler

Monica S Kuebler is the managing editor for Rue Morgue Magazine, Editor-In-Chief of Burning Effigy Press and has at different times in her life practiced performance poetry, acting, dance, photography and music.  It would probably be fair to call her an artist indebted to the dark side. More recently Monica began serialising her first Young Adult vampire novel online, releasing a free chapter every Sunday at www.bleederbook.comBleeder acts as an introduction to the universe of the author’s planned Young Adult trilogy The Cold Ones and more importantly marks Monica’s first openly available fiction.

After following her work for the best part of the last decade in Canada’s Rue Morgue Magazine I did a double-take at the thought that Monica S Kuebler had kept her fiction under wraps until now, so I made it my business to begin following Bleeder from the outset.  Populated by believable characters dwelling in a world where there’s nothing romantic about the night, Bleeder has an edge lacking in so many contemporary stories aimed at young audiences, and Monica authentically captures a teenage voice in the distinct manner of somebody for whom rebellion and freedom-of-speech are second nature and not just the recollections of a long-passed youth.

Starburst Magazine got the chance to speak to Monica about why now seemed like the right time to write about vampires, where she stands on censorship and what it takes to frighten somebody that has spent their life immersed in horror.

Starburst: First, of all the different methods that you could have chosen to release Bleeder, what made you decide to release a chapter each week online for free?

Monica S Kuebler: It was quick way to force myself to get over my extreme stage fright about sharing my fiction, and it has worked wonders. When you’re committed to posting a chapter a week there’s not a whole lot of time to get scared or second-guess yourself. It was also a fun way to introduce people to this world I’m building, which I’ll hopefully get to keeping adding to with subsequent young adult horror novels. Lastly, it’s not like any publisher/agent is looking for vampire stories now that the whole Twilight boom is over, so I had this outline I was sitting on, but couldn’t do much with, so I thought why the heck not try this? Admittedly, I can be very impulsive at times.

What is it particularly about the Young Adult market that made you decide to focus your attention there?

Truth be told, it had absolutely nothing to do with the market at all. While it’s fantastic that YA is continuing to boom, I’d be writing for teens even if it wasn’t. I spent a lot of time in my late twenties trying to pen novels for adult readers without a lot of success. I couldn’t even finish any of them. And when I started really asking myself why, I had a revelation: I didn’t want to be writing horror for grown-ups. Why else was I continually casting 17-, 18-, 19-year-olds as my protagonists? Once I figured that out, everything made a lot more sense, and I’ve honestly never looked back. Now I can’t imagine writing anything but teen fiction. It feels right. It feels like home. I love the fast-paced simplicity of YA storytelling and I think there’s a lot of room in the field right now for some genuinely scary monsters.

I think it would be fair to say that you have the horror credentials to work in the vampire genre – can you tell me a little about your background?

I’m not sure I entirely agree. I’m just a horror journalist/fan girl trying on the fiction-writing hat, and I’ve made more than my fair share of newbie mistakes to prove it. But that’s not what you asked. I’ve been reading horror since my mother first introduced me to a book of Eastern ghost stories when I was about six years old. It was full of wonderfully eerie watercolour renditions of the spectres and ghouls that populated the tales. I quickly became obsessed with that book. Unfortunately I went to a small rural grade school that didn’t have a whole lot of truly scary stories on offer in its library. So I gravitated towards Ray Bradbury, Monica Hughes, John Wyndham and other science fiction authors for a while as a result, at least until I discovered the works of Stephen King, Clive Barker and Dean Koontz at the public library around sixth grade, then I found myself hooked on horror all over again. My father isn’t a reader, and he thankfully never paid much attention to what books I was signing out, so I was able to feed my genre love from a young age entirely unchecked.

I started reading teen horror books by Christopher Pike aged 10 and his writing was my initiation into an older world, but all other YA horror writers at the time seemed tame and safe in comparison. Have you made any conscious efforts to ensure that Bleeder will have an impact on your desired audience?

Bleeder is not tame, while it definitely has some of the trappings of urban fantasy there is no denying that it is a horror story, and one that is most definitely intended to scare and disturb. Part of my reason for wanting to write YA is to tell the types of tales I wished existed when I was young, and I think it would be a betrayal to both myself and my intended audience if I were to water them down.

In an ideal world, what happens when Bleeder is complete? What’s your next step?

I’d love to see it published in a proper print edition, though it would definitely require some tinkering, as the mechanics of writing a serial are considerably different from those of writing a regular novel. In a serial, you are constantly adding little reminders to the audience about what happened in previous weeks, in previous instalments, while in a book that’s meant to be read in five or six sittings that level of recapping is not necessary and would likely detract from the narrative flow. I’ve already received several emails asking if it’ll be available in hardcopy someday, so it does seem destined to go that route, but of course the question remains as to whether I’ll release it independently or whether some publisher will snap it up.

It’s almost insulting to ask, but the lessons in monogamy and submission that were expounded by the “heroine” of that other recent vampire phenomenon seemed a great backwards step for the rights of women everywhere. Have you tried to make Mildred into a more positive figure for readers to identify with, or does that kind of thinking not factor into the way that you write?

I never intentionally set about writing Mills as some sort of positive role model for teen girls. I’m simply a storyteller with what I think is an interesting tale to tell. Bleeder definitely has some broad and hopefully thought-provoking themes, but I’m not one for heavy-handed moralizing, nor do I think teen readers really want/need that. In the end, what each person takes from the serial will be unique to them and their own life experiences. If anything, I wanted to create a believable portrait of a teenager. Mills has a lot of good, redeeming qualities, but she also suffers from an increasingly short-fuse temper and an innate ability to get herself into problematic situations. I don’t expect readers to learn from her so much as hopefully identify with her on some level. She’s impetuous and daring, just as often as she is frustrated and completely confused about her emotions, feelings and reactions to things. And she sometimes even makes bad decisions despite knowing they are bad decisions, just like the rest of us.

Writing horror for young adults, where do you stand on censorship? Are there any issues that you wouldn’t tackle or actions that you wouldn’t depict?

The only two things I avoid in YA are the obvious ones: gratuitously descriptive sex and unnecessary cursing. My characters do cuss, but only when it would seem wrong for them do anything else, if that makes sense. But there are no social issues that I consciously avoid. I have absolutely no desire to talk down to teenagers, whose lives can be just as messy and complicated as those of adults, if not more so, especially once you throw hormones, family drama and trying to figure out who you are and who you want to be into the mix.

You’ve spent so much of your life immersed in horror; does anything still hold the power to frighten you?

Haunted house stories, for sure, but really anything with buckets of atmosphere and subtle, half-seen creep-outs. For me, when it comes to movies anyway, less really is more. That’s not to say I don’t enjoy the hell out of gory splatter flicks, but I don’t exactly watch them to be freaked out.

We’d like to take this opportunity to wish Monica ever success with Bleeder and here’s hoping that it finds the audience it so deserves.

Guest Article: ‘Influences and other stuff…’, by THE COMPANY OF THE DEAD Author David Kowalski

Picasso once said “Good artists copy; great artists steal.” And then Bono went on to prove his point singing The Fly.

I once stole a G.I. Joe toy from a store. Well I almost stole it. I was about 8, and walking towards the shop exit with my mother, with said toy tucked under my shirt, when a kindly gentleman approached me and asked if I wanted to reexamine the toy shelf. It just so happened that I did. The object of desire was a rucksack, and it contained guns, ammo, grenades, a water bottle, to accompany the grizzled, bearded, camo-decked Joe I had at home. I never saw that particular toy again, and writing now, I’m tempted to open another window and scour ebay. The joys of the internet. But I digress.

As an author I am a Willy Taveras. (I don’t follow baseball but I googled the best base stealer and that’s what I got. Strike 2 for the internet. See what I did there?!?! OK, I know enough about baseball to know a strike is a bad thing but…) I am a Raffles, I am a regular D.B. Cooper.

So, where did I steal from? I mean, who has influenced my writing? Well I have to say that the things that stay with me, in writing and film, develop from the creation of a mood, rather than an actual event. Usually it will be a conversation, or some epiphany a character experiences. They are the moments I remember. Writers like Bulgakov, whose Master and Margarita is a masterpiece. Where Pontius Pilate and Jesus get to have an amazing conversation after the crucifixion! Or Charles Finney’s Circus of Dr Lao, the story of the most amazing circus in the world, rocking up to a small town in the American mid-west; featuring a fortune teller who is cursed to tell the truth, and the world’s greatest magician, who is reduced to parlor tricks.

There are writers like China Mieville, Anna Tambour, Neil Gaiman and Michael Moorcock, who pepper their fascinating worlds with asides that in themselves paint places and people who deserve their own novels. Who with subtlety and grace, manage to exemplify less as more, while telling their stories. Writers like Iain M banks and M John Harrison, and who teach me to write with no cognitive budgetary restraint – that is, to think as big as I can. Writers like Cormac McCarthy, Herman Melville and Alan Moore, whose devastating prose or turn of phrase, can strike like thunder.

In fact the concern is not where to look for inspiration, but how to suppress and suborn those inspirations into something that is hopefully new, or at least new enough, under this tired old sun. Having never done any writer’s courses, formal or otherwise, I turn to other writers as guides and teachers. So please, if you have any criticism of my work, the blame clearly lies with them.

***

The Company of the Dead by David Kowalski is released March 23rd, R.R.P. £8.99. Check out Titan Books website HERE for more information, or read our review HERE.

Starburst Special Preview of THE CABIN IN THE WOODS

We have tickets available to a special preview of The Cabin in the Woods before it opens in cinemas nationwide on 13th April.

The Cabin in the Woods Starburst exclusive preview tickets page can be accessed by clicking HERE.

The special previews are on Monday 26th March at 6.30pm in the following Vue Cinemas:

Basingstoke / Birmingham / Bristol Cribbs / Cambridge / Cardiff / Cheshire Oaks / Croydon Grants / Edinburgh Ocean / Exeter / Finchley Road / Finchley North / Hamilton / Hull / Islington / Leeds Light / Leicester / Manchester Lowry / Northampton / Norwich / Oxford / Plymouth / Portsmouth / Sheffield / Shepherds Bush / Stratford / Thanet / Thurrock / Watford / Wood Green / York

For more information and to download tickets, until they run out, go HERE.

Terms and conditions: Tickets are subject to availability and will be
allocated on a first come, first served basis via www.showfilmfirst.com. 
Each applicant may claim up to two tickets. Applicants who successfully book
tickets must have ID available ifrequired. No photocopies of the page will be accepted. The tickets are not
for resale. No cash alternative. No late admittance. The cinema reserves the
right to refuse admission. In the event of a dispute, the cinema manager’s
decision is final. For full terms and conditions visit: www.showfilmfirst.com

***

Five friends go to a remote cabin in the woods. Bad things happen. If you think you know this story, think again. From fan favourites Joss Whedon and Drew Goddard comes THE CABIN IN THE WOODS, a mind blowing horror film that turns the genre inside out.

Produced by Whedon and directed by Goddard from a script by both, the film stars Kristen Connolly, Chris Hemsworth, Anna Hutchison, Fran Kranz, Jesse Williams, Richard Jenkins and Bradley Whitford.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HdUwP_Ei4G4

Lionsgate will release THE CABIN IN THE WOODS on April 13, 2012.

Cardiff International Comic and Animation Expo 2012

The cream of British comics was assembled for the two-day extravaganza that was the Cardiff International Comic and Animation Expo.

Some 1,200 fans poured in through the doors of the Mercure Holland Hotel in Cardiff for a weekend of meeting artists both established and new, sitting in on the horror-themed panels, shopping and a fair bit of cosplay.

Some of the scenes from the shop floor

The labour of love, now in its second year, was put on by the people behind the gargantuan Bristol Comic Expo – Mike Allwood and Iz McAuliffe.

Mike said: “The Expo went really well and better than even I had hoped for, with this being the first two-day event after the one-day litmus test last year. We added so many new features to what started life as a comic convention: the animation tangent was a highlight; we had the two main universities along, three studios and a drop-in work shop. All were really popular and we will build on that side for 2013.

“We added the Horror@ the Expo showcase which again proved a hit and yes, we are back next year. We already have one book slanted to debut.”

The good doctor’s TARDIS was doing its bit for Help for Heroes

Toad of Toad Hall never looked so scary

The guest of honour was artist Mike Ploog, who had celebrated runs on Werewolf by Night, Frankeinstein, Ghost RiderPlanet of the Apes and Creepy.

Another special guest was Watchmen inker and artist in his own right, John Higgins, talking about his demonic creation, Razorjack. The King of Comics that is Jack Kirby saw his flag flown in the form of a museum dedicated to his legacy. 2000AD fans marked the 35th anniversary of the Galaxy’s Greatest Comic with some of its legendary creators. New and independent publishers and creative teams hawked their wares and every other person seemed to be wearing rubber, in a good way.

Next year’s event is already booked for Saturday, March 2 and Sunday, March 3.

Here are some of the highlights:

Jack “The King” Kirby

He’s the man behind a string of summer blockbusters including this year’s The Avengers so why does no one outside of comics know about Jack Kirby?

Ask a class of schoolchildren if they know who Stan Lee is and hands shoot up. He’s the guy behind Fantastic Four, Inhumans, X-Men, Hulk, and Thor – but ask who Jack is and the other co-creator of the Marvel universe draws blank looks.

Russell Payne, writer and ambassador for the Jack Kirby Museum, says what’s not to love about the guy who created all the above and New Gods, Captain America and other off-the-wall characters like Devil Dinosaur, OMAC, Machine Man, Kamandi: The Last Boy on Earth and, erm, Paranex the Fighting Fetus from Captain Victory.

Paranex the Fighting Fetus

He said: “Jack was a member of CAPS (Comic Artist Professional Society) and one time they got together but they didn’t know what he looked like and he was heard introducing himself as Ramon De Los Flores, an Italian pornography artist.” The King (as he was dubbed by Stan “The Man” Lee) was so successful with the ruse that many CAPS members refused to believe he was Kirby after the truth came out.

Author and Kirby Museum ambassador Russell Payne

Kirby also played an indirect part in rescuing hostages from the US Embassy in Iran back in 1979 in what was called The Canadian Caper. The prelude to this saw Kirby commissioned to design the sets for the film adaptation of Roger Zelazny’s Lord of Light sci-fi novel. A theme park with 300ft Ferris wheel and voice-operated mag-lev cars was also based on Kirby’s designs, so confident were producers of a big budget hit. The project was scrapped due to embezzling.

The design of Science Fiction Land based on Kirby’s designs for Lord of Light, which became CIA cover story during the Canadian Caper

The CIA, needing a cover story to send a man in to Tehran and walk out six Embassy staff through a militant-controlled Iran airport, jumped on Kirby’s designs and other production notes like script. The stranded Americans would be turned into film scouts for Argo, a fake production based on the Lord of Light project. It worked and everyone left the country.

Kirby also had a number of high-profile fans: Frank Zappa, Paul McCartney during his Wings era, Kevin Smith, Gene Simmons of Kiss, Robin Williams and Nicolas Cage. TV host Jonathan Ross is a collector of Kirby art and named one of his children after the King of Comics.

Frank Zappa and Jack Kirby

Art given to Paul McCartney by Kirby during Wings’ USA tour and inspired by the song Magneto and the Titanium Man

“Jack Kirby has had such an impact on people it is surprising he has not had much recognition,” said Payne. “He was the Bill Gates of comics, the Elvis of comics, the King of Comics. When he was alive people made a lot of money. When he died in 1994, aged 76, Marvel made a lot more money in merchandise.”

When CGI caught up with Kirby’s vision it went on to fuel a billion dollar industry – big screen comic book adaptations. The Kirby family served notice to Disney and others that come 2014 they would want his copyright back. The bid, handled by the bane of big media, Marc Toberoff (see Starburst #374 for the Superman court case) was one of his rare fails.

To do justice for the Jack Kirby name, his daughter Lisa set up the online Jack Kirby Museum and Research Center in 2005. It is campaigning to build a bricks-and-mortar museum as a physical home for the King’s career, stories, life, creations and promote an understanding of comic books. The aim is to put a ‘pop-up museum’ near Kirby’s birth home on New York’s Lower East Side.

A documentary from Montilla Pictures who did a similar thing for Will Eisner is also the subject of fundraising and the name of Kirby will live on in upcoming productions The Avengers, X-Men Origins: Magneto does not look likely but Iron Man 3 certainly does. Inhumans is also coming in the future and Ben Affleck is to direct Argo, the George Clooney-backed movie of the Canadian Caper.

Visit http://kirbymuseum.org/ for more on the King of Comics.

 ***

 

The Monster Squad: from left, Dan Marshall and Gavin Jones of Sidekickcast, David Clifford and Jamie Lambert of Dexter’s Half Dozen, Rich McAuliffe of Damaged Goods and Simon Wyatt of Unbelievable: The Man who ate Daffodils.

Breastfeeding dead babies, werewolves stalking the trenches of the First World War and trying to gross out the comic book artist are all tricks of the trade for up-and-coming Welsh comic makers tapping the dark vein of horror.

A trio of creative bodies from the Cymru comic scene were dissected by hosts Gavin Jones and Dan Marshall of the Sidekickcast in the panel What’s That Coming Over The Hill at the expo.

All the creators come at horror from different directions – David Clifford and Jamie Lambert’s supernatural war horror Dexter’s Half Dozen has been dubbed Indy meets the Dirty Dozen, Simon Wyatt’s Unbelievable is dark folklore from deep in the woods and Rich McAuliffe’s Damaged Goods has been called twisted nastiness. So how do you terrify the shit out of your readers?

Artist/writer Simon Wyatt with some of the sketches from his new graphic novel, Unbelievable: The Man Who Ate Daffodils

Wyatt believes what’s unseen is scarier than the seen. “You can alter the beat and build that tension of something going to happen”.

McAuliffe agrees. “Turning a page to see Jason from Friday the 13th jump out of the water in a static panel looks cool but doesn’t work. Horror in the 60s was the happening thing in comics at the time then EC got a hammering and Batman went into space to fight aliens so it all got fluffy. But Japanese horror never went from over there.”

Clifford claims horror is trying to find a new angle to explore, though there is no escaping blood and guts in anything based on the world wars while writing partner Lambert says there is more freedom to do stranger things in the genre, like werewolves ripping out entrenched soldiers.

One gruesome example, said McAuliffe, was a website suggested to him by his mother where stillborn children are dressed up for family photos. “That’s creepy”, he said. “So I wrote a story and sent it to the artist and he said … cool. One comment that came back was ‘she should try and breastfeed it’. So I put that in, too.”

***

 

Razorjack

With the body of an angel and the face of a minger, can Razorjack do for creator John Higgins and team what Spawn did for Todd McFarlane?

After a decade the artist and colourist – who has worked on 2000AD, Death’s Head, Hellblazer and Watchmen among others hopes so.

The titular character is a mad god who has destroyed countless dimensions through her minions. Now Earth’s realm is her next target. Her creator says she cannot be beaten, though the same cannot be said of her followers.

Higgins said: “We have a multimedia platform for this character. It started ten years ago and I didn’t know what to do with this villain. Razorjack is the name of the series and I knew this would be a trans-dimensional critter based in one dimension trying to get in to ours.”

For inspiration Higgins sought out the scariest monster he could find and came up with H.R. Giger’s Alien design. He went back to his own pad and came up with the dichotomy of a beautiful woman and a head that looks like the Predator and Hellraiser’s Chatterer cenobite. “Sometimes a beautiful creature can be monstrous,” he said.

Razorjack began as a two-part comic book, with smaller strips, rolled into a graphic novel. Now the mad god’s universe has been expanded into two novels, some brief animations and thrash metal music.

Michael Carroll, 200AD script droid and sci-fi author, wrote the first Razorjack novel, Double-Crossing. He said: “I wrote for the adult market where no-one was allowed to die and there had to be a happy ending. It was refreshing to do Razorjack.

“I had to write a book that didn’t spoil the original graphic novel. Razorjack is the prime mover but she’s barely there. What you don’t see is more often scarier than what you do see. So with Razorjack we don’t show her too much.

“Al Ewing (also of 2000AD) has written a Razorjack novel and his is much more blood and guts. We come at it from different angles. It’s a lot of fun but quite daunting as John owns Razorjack so we can only do things that we are allowed to.”

Higgins said that project Razorjack has always been long term and, after ten years, it is finally starting to get up some speed.

*** 

February 26: the date Napoleon escaped from Elba, Hitler formed the Luftwaffe, the World Trade Center was bombed and the Galaxy’s Greatest Comic was unleashed.

Exactly 35 years ago Thrill Power was unleashed on an unsuspecting Great Britain in 1977. To mark the date, some of 2000AD’s greatest droids were assembled for some quick fire questions on all things Tharg by The Megacast hosts Iz McAuliffe and Stacey Whittle.

What is your personal highlight of working with 2000AD?

John M Burns: “I think Nikolai Dante is my favourite. I read one and thought it would be nice to drawn that and they fell over themselves to let me.”

Rob Williams: “Tharg has had many incarnations and at that time it was David Bishop who sent me a letter saying ‘well done, you have sent me the unoriginal pitch of all time’. He said it had been published in 1978 and had even gone into the archive to dig it out and send to me.”

Gordon Rennie: “Smoking cigarillos with Carlos Esquerra.”

Mick McMahon: “Working with Pat Mills and John Wagner. They are such fantastic writers and I didn’t appreciate how good they were at the time.”

What stories would you take if you were stranded on a desert island?

Michael Carroll: “Is it to read or eat? The Apocalypse War.”

Compared to the early days, is there anything you have had rejected?

Gordon Rennie: “I have been pushing it a bit in Absalom. There’s a bit of racism in it but true to character so we keep that in.”

PJ Holden: “I drew a scene where a character falls through a skylight in a Cursed Earth shopping mall. I thought about putting logos in and Tharg said no, no, no. I covered up some letters and moved others around.”

David Roach: “The most famous censored sequence was about Michael Jackson, which was changed to Jackson Prince.”

Michael Collins: “I’ve had nothing censored but I thought I would when I drew a woman with a boob for a face for Al Ewing.”

Mick McMahon: “It was not my fault but the script called for people to jump off a high building with people putting bets on where they would land.”

Who would you like to take on?

Gordon Rennie: “Shankle, a big bastard polar bear that the CIA want dead.”

A question from Pat Mills: how would you get Wales into 2000AD without making the Judges Welsh?

PJ Holden: Whales?

David Roach: “I have drawn lots of Welsh things in Dredd but not 2000AD.

Michael Carroll: “I’m a huge Garth Ennis fan but not every Irishman is a drunk in comics. It’s been done.”

A question from Leigh Gallagher: what’s the strangest fan moment you’ve had?

Mick McMahon: “There was a boy and he sent a 20-page questionnaire and wanted to know how many windows and toilets I had so he could train himself to be an artist. He then got a job with Federal Express. After a while he decided to be a writer.”

Rob Williams: “I got an email saying ‘Mr Williams, we are big fans of your work from Germany. We are a TV show and want to invite you on to break your own world record of making sandwiches with your feet’. I looked it up and the guy is called Rob Williams. I should have said yes.”

Michael Carroll: “There’s a guy in England called Michael Carroll, the Lotto Lout and I still have people who think I’m him.”

***

Next year’s event is scheduled for Saturday, March 2 and Sunday, March 3. If you can’t wait that long, check out the Bristol Comic Expo on May 12 and 13. Visit http://www.fantasyevents.org

Feature: DEMONS WITHIN – The Starburst Guide to Exorcism Movies

An episode of French and Saunders once brilliantly spoofed The Exorcist. The show opened with an almost perfect recreation of the famous shot from The Exorcist that became the poster image: an eerie light shining from an upstairs window illuminating a large house. We cut to Jennifer Saunders soberly dressed like Ellen Burstyn as she ascends a dark staircase and pauses at a shadowy bedroom door. The camera follows as she enters to find Dawn French in a four poster bed dressed in Linda Blair wig and nightgown. On her lap is a ouija board – the glass is moving comically around by itself. Dawn isn’t well, so Jennifer has brought her a meal of – yes, you’ve guessed it – pea soup. The soup, of course, does not stay down. Throughout the programme, each time Jennifer enters the bedroom, Dawn is wearing heavier demon make up (the joke is that Jennifer doesn’t seem to realise she’s possessed) and uttering immortal lines like “You mother eats jelly babies in hell!”

It’s a wonderful spoof, brilliantly capturing the look and the feel of original film, complete with shaking bed, snaking tongue, and an ending which sees Jennifer diving Karras-like through the bedroom window in a bid to get the final close up. Amusing as the spoof was, though, it highlights just how easy The Exorcist is to parody. In the same year that the French and Saunders episode aired, Linda Blair herself returned to the role in another spoof, Repossessed (1990), playing a grown up mother of four who finds herself ‘re-possessed’ by the devil and in need of an exorcism from Leslie Nielsen. 1990 also saw William Peter Blatty direct his official sequel The Exorcist 3 which did mediocre box office. By the time Scary Movie 2 appeared in 2001, with its Exorcist-spoof subplot, it seemed that no film had been parodied, spoofed and pastiched as much as The Exorcist. And when, in 2004, Renny Harlin directed the troubled Exorcist: The Beginning, it seemed that the franchise itself had lapsed into self-parody. Could an audience ever take an exorcism movie seriously again?

But then in 2005 came The Exorcism of Emily Rose. The movie was a big hit, grossing $75 million in the US and a further $69 million worldwide. Exorcism became big box office once again. What’s more, Emily Rose seemed to usher in a new wave of exorcism films that took the realistic approach of The Exorcist and made demonic possession scary again. Since then there’s been The Last Exorcism (2010), The Rite (2011), and now The Devil Inside is poised to set pulses racing when it opens here on the UK on 16th March 2012. And there are more exorcism movies in the pipeline, including The Last Exorcism 2 which is due later this year. So what lies behind the audience’s continuing fascination with exorcism movies and can any of these new films hope to match the impact that The Exorcist had on audiences when it was first released almost 40 years ago?

Nowadays it’s hard to believe the sensation that The Exorcist created when it first opened in January 1974. On its opening day in the States lines of cinemagoers stretched around city blocks (in fact The Exorcist was one of the first films that led to the term ‘blockbuster’.) In California it was reported that thousands queued each morning for the 8am showing. In Boston, 5000 cinemagoers queued outside Sack 57 Cinema every day for months. In Chicago, frustrated moviegoers used a battering ram to smash down the doors of one cinema, and in Kansas City police had to use tear-gas to disperse crowds who tried to force their way into the film.

Time Magazine published an article in February 1974 reporting the Exorcist-fever that had seized the nation. There were cases of people contacting priests after seeing the film, believing themselves possessed. Two people in Chicago required hospitalisation with nervous breakdowns. Many others who saw the film experienced nightmares, hysteria and ‘profound apprehension’. One Los Angeles cinema manager estimated that each showing exacted a toll of four blackouts, half-a-dozen bouts of vomiting and numerous spontaneous exits. Some commentators blamed the scare-sensationalism of the promoters and press for the hysterical response of audiences. William Friedkin, who directed the film, blamed the audiences themselves, claiming that those who reacted hysterically had already wound themselves up to the point of hysteria before even sitting down to watch the film. Whatever the cause of the audience’s hysterical response to the film, the effect was explosive.

The Exorcist, 1974

The Exorcist was not the first cinematic tale of possession: that honour belongs to a film called The Dybbuck made in 1937. Based on a Yiddish play, it is one of the only exorcism films to draw on Yiddish religion rather than Roman Catholicism. It tells the story of a bride who is possessed by the eponymous Dybbuk – a disturbed spirit, who happens to be the ghost of the man to whom she was previously betrothed (a similar storyline to The Unborn (1989), about a woman possessed by the spirit of her dead twin). The forthcoming film The Possession (2012), produced by Sam Raimi, is based on the legend of the Dybbuk Box, a wine cabinet recently sold on e-bay, which is supposedly haunted by a Jewish spirit.

One of the appeals of exorcism movies is that the belief in spirit possession is shared by many religions and cultures. The last four decades have seen exorcism movies springing up all over the world: Italy, Spain, Germany, Japan, Korea, even Turkey – to name just a few countries where filmmakers tried to cash in on the success of The Exorcist.

When The Exorcist first came out it proved incredibly popular with the African American community – something Warner Brothers hadn’t anticipated when they opened the film in mostly white neighbourhoods. One man took notice of this – and was willing to exploit Warner Brothers’ mistake for his own gain. His name was William Girdler.

Born in Jefferson County, Kentucky in 1947, Girdler produced and directed nine movies before he was killed in a helicopter crash at the age of 30. Perhaps his most famous film is Grizzly (1976) a Jaws -knock-off. Girdler specialised in making cheap versions of successful bigger-budget classics. He made devil worship films (Asylum of Satan, 1972), backwoods-psycho movies (Three on a Meathook, 1973), blaxploitation movies based on the wildly successful Shaft series and other black mobster films (The Zebra Killer, 1973, Sheba Baby, 1975), and ‘killer nature’ films in the vein of Hitchcock’s The Birds (Grizzly, Day of the Animals, 1977). His final film, The Manitou (1978), starring Tony Curtis, was a mix of Rosemary’s Baby and Star Wars. It’s hard to think of another filmmaker who attempted so many sub-genres – and yet failed to distinguish himself in any of them.

Abby (1974), also known as The Black Exorcist, was Girdler’s attempt to cash in on The Exorcist’s appeal to African Americans. Shot in Louisville, Kentucky, Abby stars William (Blacula) Marshall as a minister who accidently releases an ancient African sex demon. The demon possesses his daughter-in-law, Abby, played by Carol Speed, who is compelled to try to have sex with everyone she meets while speaking in a weird male voice and sprouting ‘demon’ eyebrows. The film is cheesy fun, filled with lame dialogue (“Whatever possessed you to do a thing like that?” Abby’s husband demands after she tears open her clothes in front of house guests). There are blaxploitation clichés aplenty – a funky soundtrack, gospel singing and fried chicken for every meal. The final exorcism even takes place in a nightclub disco.

Despite its crass racial representation and its general air of ineptitude, Abby remains one of the most enjoyable of the 1970s batch of Exorcist clones and was a surprise hit at the box office. Produced for $100,000, Abby made $4 million in its first month of release. Warner Brothers immediately took notice – they sued Girdler for copyright infringement and Abby was pulled from release (The Italian Exorcist-rip off Beyond The Door was also sued, as was Mario Bava’s House of Exorcism). Distributor Sam Arkoff eventually struck a deal with Warner Brothers to release the frozen revenues but Girdler died before he saw any profits from the film. “Anybody should be able to make a good movie if they spend $20 million on it, the way they did The Exorcist”, Girdler is quoted as saying, adding ludicrously: “Comparatively speaking, for what we spent on it, Abby was probably a better picture than The Exorcist”.

William Marshall in Abby, 1974

Filmmakers around the world, however, took note of Abby’s success and cheap ‘n’ cheerful Exorcist knock-offs began to appear at an alarming rate and in the most unlikely of places. Seytan (1974) is one of the most intriguing of the knock-offs. If Abby stole blatantly from The Exorcist then Seytan simply remade it scene-by-scene, (at times shot-by-shot) – except in Turkish and with all the Catholicism taken out. Directed by Metin Erksan, a once-radical Turkish filmmaker who eventually gave up his social concerns to make market orientated popular films, Seytan comes across as a genuine cultural oddity. Set in Istambul, Seytan is about a secular young girl called Gul who becomes possessed by a demon and – well, you know the rest. Seytan follows the plotline of The Exorcist almost exactly. An Imam is brought in to exorcise Gul and at the end, cured of the demon, she embraces Islam.

While the scenes between Gul and her mother (played by glamorous actress Meral Taygun) are written almost identical to those in The Exorcist, even down to the actual dialogue, the scenes with Father Karras posed an obvious problem for Erksan, with Turkey being a Muslim country. Karras (called Tugrul Bilge in the film) is therefore no longer a priest, but a psychiatrist who happens to have written a book about witchcraft. His inner conflict is no longer to do with his lack of faith, although he still harbours guilt over the death of his mother. Seytan does not have the same power as the original partly for that reason. Another reason being the primitive filmmaking – so many zoom shots! – and Z grade special effects on display. Seytan features one of the most laughable 180 degree head turns in the history of Exorcist knock offs – with the actress’s turning head clearly photographed behind an obviously fake torso. Still, it is fun to gasp at the 1970s Turkish decor – all clashing designs and garish wall paper– which is more horrifying than the film itself. Mike Oldfield’s Tubular Bells is used throughout (played about twenty times!) so evidently Warner Brothers weren’t able to sue the producers of Seytan as they were films shown in the States.

Seytan, 1974

The country that clocked up the highest number of Exorcist rip-offs was (you’ve guessed it) Italy. Hardly surprising considering Italy’s film industry has thrived on remaking Hollywood genres since the dawn of time, and given the fact that Roman Catholicism originated there.

Connoisseurs of Italian exorcism movies may disagree but I reckon the best of the bunch is Alberto DeMartino’s The Tempter (1974) also known as The Antichrist (nothing to do with Lars von Trier’s film of the same name). Carla Gravina plays a paralysed young woman who regresses to her past life as a witch from the time of the Spanish Inquisition. This causes her to become possessed, start breaking people’s necks, vomiting and levitating. The levitation scene in The Tempter is by far the most elaborate of all exorcism movies as Gravina floats out of one window and back in through another in a fine display of diabolical aerobatics. The film features Alida Valli from Suspiria and George Coulouris from Citizen Kane. Director Martino went on to make an Omen rip-off called Holocaust 2000 (1977) starring another slumming actor, Kirk Douglas.

The Antichrist, 1974

The possessed Juliet Mills in Beyond the Door (1975) (also known as Chi Sei?) suffered the double misfortune of also being pregnant with the Antichrist. This allowed director Ovidio Assonitis to rip off The Exorcist and Rosemary’s Baby into the bargain. The title probably refers to the horrors that lay beyond the ‘door of reason’, but more horror is generated by the mish-mash of locations (shot on low budget in Italy and San Francisco), poor dubbing and atrocious dialogue than by the story itself. Quite what Richard Johnson (Zombi 2) is doing in the film is anyone’s guess. Thanks to an ad campaign that promised more scares than The Exorcist, Beyond the Door became the most popular Italian exorcism movie released in the States. Warner Brothers sued the producers of Beyond the Door but lost – presumably because the lawyers argued that Assonitis ripped off more than one film. He went on to rip off Jaws in Tentacles (1977), starring John Huston, Henry Fonda and a giant octopus.

Juliet Mills in Beyond The Door, 1974

Richard Johnson also turned up in The Night Child (1975), Massimo Dallamano’s story of a young girl who is given the gift of a necklace. Unfortunately when she places it around her neck she becomes possessed by the spirit of a child who was a murderer.

Naked Exorcism (1975) is one of the few Exorcist rip offs to feature a possessed boy. Apart from that it’s business as usual. The boy is an archaeology student who is gradually possessed by an evil witch who casts a spell on him after he picks up a sacred talisman. Before long he has cut his girlfriend’s throat, felt up his own mother before throwing her down the stairs and started verbally abusing his sister who is a nun. Enter Richard Conte as the priest sent to perform the exorcism. Instead of a floating bed we have a revolving one. The titillating title refers to the numerous scenes of nudity in the film which are completely necessary to the plot! The title also lays out what audiences seemed to be looking for increasingly in these films: scenes of ‘shocking’ sexual references and bad language. Naked Exorcism served them up in spades.

So did The Sexorcist (1974) AKA L’Ossessa. In this one a young artist played by Stella Carnacina falls under the spell of a Demon/Christ statue she is going to restore. The statue comes to life (in the form of Italian cannibal films veteran, Ivan Rassimov) and ‘possesses’ her in more ways than one. Pretty soon she is cursing like a sailor, attacking her mother, trying to seduce her father and getting exorcised by Luigi Pistilli (who also played a priest in The Good, The Bad and The Ugly). This film is not to be mistaken with The Sexorcist (1974) directed by Ray Dennis Steckler, who also made the immortal The Incredibly Strange Creatures Who Stopped Living and Became Mixed-Up Zombies (1964) and Rat Pfink a Boo Boo (1966). Steckler’s film was more or less a straight soft-core porn film with wrap-around plot involving a reporter investigating a sex-crazed Satanist cult who have possessed the body of her best friend.

A little late into the game, Andrea Bianchi’s Malabimba (1979), is essentially a nunsploitation flick that finds a teenage girl becoming possessed by her dead prostitute mother. Soon she is doing the diabolical dirty deed with her paralysed uncle, her grandfather, her middle aged nun guardian and even her own teddy bear! This one really is for completists only. Bianchi also directed the highly regarded giallo Strip Nude for Your Killer (1975) and zombie film Burial Ground (1981). The year after that he returned to the exorcism movie with Satan’s Baby Doll (1982).

Mario Bava’s Lisa and the Devil (1974) suffered the indignity of having extra scenes filmed so that the producers could ride the wave of pea soup and release the film in the States as House of Exorcism. More recently it has been restored to its original cut, much to the relief of Bava fans. House of Exorcism is considered a travesty of the original so the less said about it the better.

Spain, also a Roman Catholic country, made its fair share of exorcism movies in the 1970s. The best one is probably La Endemionada (1976), a film by Amando de Ossorio who is best known for his Blind Dead series of zombie films. La Endemionada, called also Demon Witch Child, is about an old witch who dies while in custody of the police, and to exact revenge her spirit possesses the police commissioner’s daughter. La Endemionada wins the prize for earliest levitation scene in an exorcism movie. As soon as the old hag enters the girl’s body she is floating up to her bedroom ceiling – even though there is no one else there to witness it. One of the nastiest exorcism flicks, La Endemionada features a castration by the possessed girl of her nanny’s boyfriend for no particular reason, and to make matters worse the girl sends the castrated testicles to her nanny gift-wrapped. Most of the above mentioned films include scenes of genital brutality but none quite this extreme!

La Endemionada shares an identical scene with Exorcismo (1975) when, the morning after the initial possession, the aforementioned nanny enters the room of the possessed girl carrying a breakfast tray which ends up being flung across the room by Satan as a first act of demonic wickedness! Evidently Satan does not like early morning wake up calls. Really the only thing notable about Exorcismo (apart from the fact that, confusingly, it shares the same title as a non-exorcism film made by Jess Franco the year before) is that the exorcism’s performed by Paul Naschy – Spain’s undisputed king of horror. Naturally he must fend off the girl’s lewd advances first. Set in Bristol, bizarrely enough.

Paul Naschy in Exorcismo, 1975

Finally from Spain is The Devil’s Exorcist (1975), original title El Juego Del Diabolo. Directed by Jorge Darnell, this tells the tale of Teresita, (played by Inma DeSantis), the daughter of a rich couple whose arrival at college coincides with her possession (like Emily Rose) after seeing visions of menacing men dressed in black and arms coming out of the wall to grab her. Somebody call el exorcista! De Santis went on to a notable career in Spanish exploitation (including a role in Eloy (Cannibal Man) Iglesias’ notorious Forbidden Love Game, 1975) before dying in a car crash in 1989 at the age of 30.

Germany produced Magdalena, Possessed by The Devil (1976) – a particularly sleazy Exorcist rip off. Magdalena is an orphan in a boarding school for girls who is raped and possessed by a demon who previously occupied the body of a Satanist. Pretty soon she is tearing her nightdress off and playing it lewd with everyone in sight. It was directed by Walter Boos, previously known for his soft porn school girl sex films, which pretty much sums up the level of Magdalena!

While 1970s exorcism movies in Europe increasingly catered to a sleaze-pit audience, back in the States, following The Exorcist, references to demonic possession started to find their way into mainstream culture. Fans of Patrick (The Prisoner) McGoohan may recall his medical drama, Rafferty, about a retired army medic (McGoohan) returning to civilian life. In a 1977 episode called The Will to Live, McGoohan is enlisted to help a wild boy who has been kept locked up by his parents who think he is possessed. Ever the social commentator, McGoohan uses this theme to comment on how easily people are influenced by films like The Exorcist. With cases of ‘satanic’ child abuse often in the news it does give pause for thought. The Will to Live shows the boy to be suffering from epilepsy, ill-treated by his mother and father because of their superstitious beliefs.

Franco Zefferelli’s TV mini-series, Jesus of Nazareth (1977), featured history’s first ever exorcism, as Christ (Robert Powell) casts out the demons from a possessed man. Although based on the gospels, the scene carried an extra frisson for horror fans coming as it did only a few years after The Exorcist.

Jesus of Nazareth, 1977

There were also a couple of notable made-for-television movies with Exorcist overtones. The Possessed (1977) features James Farentino as a born-again priest sent by God to an all-girls school where fires are being started seemingly by siblings Claudette Nevins and Joan Hackett. The cast includes P.J Soles (Carrie, 1976, Halloween, 1978) and a pre-Star Wars Harrison Ford as the kind of teacher girls in an all-girls school dream about. The film is memorable for a scene in which the possessed student pukes nails at the priest (presumably flunking woodwork in the process).

No one who caught Satan’s Triangle on television back in 1975 will have forgotten this creepy little gem of a horror film. Doug (The Land That Time Forgot) McClure plays a coast guard helicopter pilot sent to rescue the female survivor of a shipwreck and finds himself trapped with the devil in a mysterious part of the ocean known as Satan’s Triangle. The film has a chilling once-seen-never-forgotten twist ending that people still talk about to this day on IMDb.

Exorcist-fever was still high in 1977, so Warner Brothers decided it was time to produce an official sequel. John Boorman, a British auteur who had made some important films like Point Blank (1967) Hell in The Pacific (1968), Deliverance (1972) and Zardoz (1974) was hired to shoot it. His long-held, unrealised dream was to film The Lord of The Rings, but no financiers were interested in Tolkien until Peter Jackson came along. Boorman had turned down The Exorcist in 1973 (along with many other directors, including Stanley Kubrick) but relented when offered the sequel, sensing an opportunity to bring his trademark sense of mythic adventure to the project. Boorman is quoted as saying: ‘filmmaking is inventing impossible problems for yourself and then failing to solve them.’ Unfortunately those words became all too true in the case of The Exorcist II: The Heretic (1977).

There are too many problems with The Exorcist II: The Heretic to go into in detail here. Suffice it to say that on paper it must have looked like a sure fire winner: sequel to blockbusting original, major stars, top director – what could go wrong? The film is really trying to tell two stories: the first is a sort of prequel – charting Father Merrin’s first encounter with the demon Pazuzu in Africa (the basic story that Exorcist: The Beginning would take up 17 years later). Max von Sydow returned to the role and his scenes are memorable. However they represent only a fraction of the film’s running time. The rest of the film concerns Regan – now four years older and again battling Pazuzu who still lurks within her. Richard Burton is the priest investigating Merrin’s death who eventually ends up confronting Pazuzu.

Looking at the film’s production history, it seemed beset by problems from the very start. Ellen Burstyn refused to reprise her role as Regan’s mother, and her presence (which in many ways anchored the first film) is sorely missed. The first draft script called for Father Dyer from the original to take up the reigns of the investigation, but after Richard Burton was cast, the role was completely rewritten. According to Linda Blair the original script of The Exorcist II: The Heretic (by William Goodhart) was “really good at first”, but after it had been rewritten by Boorman and Rosco Pallenberg, it became a ‘different movie’.

Unfortunately the movie it became received such a bad response from preview audiences that Boorman was forced to make even more changes in a bid to save the film. The final product still contains more than a few unintentional laughs, and suffers from the kind of whimsical silliness that underlies some of Boorman’s other films. It remains one of the most despised sequels in the history of the movies. Perhaps Boorman’s ultimate mistake was failing to give the audience what they wanted – which was more of the same.

Richard Burton in Exorcist II: The Heretic

Amityville II: The Possession (1982) on the other hand was greeted as a superior sequel to The Amityville Horror (1979). In fact, Amityville II owes as much to The Exorcist as it does to the true story on which it is based. The Montelli family move into the Amityville house, and soon the eldest son, Sonny (Jack Magner) begins to feel the influence of evil (which speaks to him through his Sony Walkman). In one of the most effective possession scenes ever filmed, the demon literally forces itself into the hitherto decent Sonny (in a spectacular use of then state of the art bladder effects). Thereafter he seduces his own sister (Diane Franklin) before rampaging through the house with a shotgun.

For the first hour or so, Amityville II: The Possession is a masterpiece of suspense. Director Damiano Damiani (who also made a film in 1974 called The Tempter, which is not to be confused with Alberto de Martino’s film of the same name. Confused?) and cinematographer Franco DiGiacomo crank up the tension using a prowling subjective camera to portray the evil that lurks within the Amityville house, ready to destroy this all-American family.

Tommy Lee Wallace’s script deftly depicts the growing tensions of the Montellis – especially between Sonny and his overbearing father (played by Rocky’s Burt Young), and the underlying sexual tension between Sonny and his sister, Patricia. The evil in the Amityville house plays on these family tensions, compelling Sonny to corrupt his sister and destroy his parents.

Amityville II: The Possession loses its way in the second half, after Sonny is completely taken over by the demon, and rapidly sinks into Exorcist clichés as the family priest (played by James Olson) attempts to exorcise Sonny. Still, at the time, Amityville II: The Possession was probably the best film of its type since The Exorcist.

Amityville 2: The Possession, 1982

The 1980s was actually a pretty lean decade for exorcism movies. Apart from Amityville II: The Possession, there was The Unholy (1988), starring Ben Cross as a priest investigating the murders of priests by a demon in New Orleans, but besides that not much was going on in the head-spinning and levitation department. Then William Peter Blatty himself took to the director’s chair in 1990 for The Exorcist 3.

Based on Blatty’s novel, Legion, The Exorcist 3 was basically a theological thriller. Lt. Kinderman, from The Exorcist, investigates a series of murders in Georgetown that bear the hallmark of a serial killer called The Gemini, who died fifteen years earlier. His investigations lead him to Patient X, an inmate at the Georgetown Mental Hospital, who was admitted fifteen years ago. Kinderman starts to think he is losing his mind, as the patient appears to be none other than Father Karras (Jason Miller) who also died fifteen years before after exorcising Regan McNeil…

The Exorcist 3 has its fair share of admirers, and for good reason. It is tight, tense and intriguing, with astonishing performances by George C. Scott as Kinderman and Brad Dourif as the Gemini. It is also a strange, off-beat film, complete with dream sequences and an on-going discussion about the nature of evil delivered by Kinderman in a series of amusing dialogue scenes between him and Father Dyer (Ed Flanders). Blatty films a couple of great suspense sequences, including an excellent one in the mental hospital where the murderer is on the prowl.

This, however, wasn’t enough for the producers, who forced Blatty into filming an exorcism scene for the ending. Unfortunately it doesn’t really fit. Thankfully, though, it doesn’t spoil the film and there is much in The Exorcist 3 to enjoy (for many it remains the best sequel).

Jason Miller in The Exorcist 3, 1990

The same can’t be said of Repossessed.  Bob Logan wrote and directed this heavy-handed parody in 1990 when interest in the franchise was high thanks to the production of The Exorcist 3. Leslie Nielsen plays Father Jebedaiah Mayii, who is called out of retirement to re-exorcise the re-possessed Linda Blair on live daytime television. The film aims to spoof both The Exorcist and American television evangelists. To be fair, it does have its moments, such as the ‘Certificate of Demonic Possession’ that Blair presents to the young priest, Father Brophy, as proof of having been possessed (it is simply signed, ‘The Pope’) and it is nice to see Blair enjoying herself in the role considering her life was blighted by scandal in the 1970s. However, at the time of release it flopped with audiences and critics alike.

Repossessed, 1990

The exorcism film again lay dormant for most of the 1990s until the 25th Anniversary re-release of the original The Exorcist in 1998. Although it did not cause Exorcist-fever the way it had in 1974, it still made for a helluva ride, especially for British audiences who had not been able to see the film on video due to a ban by the BBFC since 1984. The retirement of long time censor, James Ferman, made possible the certification of The Exorcist for home entertainment, and a DVD release shortly afterwards introduced the film to a whole new generation who had only heard about it but never seen it.

The success of the re-release encouraged Warner Brothers to okay a special edition of the film, The Exorcist: The Version You’ve Never Seen (2000). This was not the director’s cut but rather the producer’s. For years Blatty had harboured misgivings about the version of The Exorcist that had been released in 1974. Following preview screenings, Friedkin had cut certain scenes that Blatty had thought key, including the novel’s ending, which saw Father Dyer and Lt. Kinderman strolling off together at “the start of a beautiful friendship”. Friedkin had ended the scene abruptly, with Dyer standing atop the iconic Georgetown steps in mourning for Father Karras. Blatty was troubled by the interpretation of many audience members who thought that the evil spirit had not been vanquished. “It always bothered me that people thought the Devil had won”, Blatty lamented.

For the new version, Friedkin agreed to re-instate the full ending together with several other minor scenes that Blatty had liked in the rough cut in 1974 and wanted put back in. One of these scenes is the infamous ‘spiderwalk’, a startling moment quite early in the film where Regan descends the staircase forming a backward arch on her hands and knees. In the novel, the scene works because the extraordinary physical nature of the spiderwalk is left to the reader’s imagination. Its inclusion in the film divided audiences, however. Sure, it’s a striking moment but does it fit in the film?

The Exorcist: The Version You’ve Never Seen, 2000

The Exorcist: The Version You’ve Never Seen did pretty good business in cinemas and on DVD and Warner Brothers started planning another sequel. Meanwhile, in 1999 Rupert Wainwright directed big budget Exorcist-rip Stigmata, starring Patricia Arquette as a Pittsburgh hairdresser who becomes afflicted by stigmata (Christ’s wounds) after being given a rosary that once belonged to a priest who suffered the same affliction. Gabriel Byrne played the priest sent by the Vatican to investigate. He bears witness to Arquette’s transformation into the spirit of the dead priest who, it turns out, was excommunicated for translating a newly found gospel that could signal the demise of the Catholic Church! Despite the convoluted plot, audiences went for Stigmata, which, of course, featured the requisite levitation, and it was a box office hit, further fuelling a new demand for exorcism movies.

Also in 2000 Steven De Souza directed Possessed, a TV movie based on the recently published book by Thomas B. Allen which recounted the true life exorcism of Robbie Mannheim – the case that had in fact inspired Blatty to write The Exorcist back in 1970.

The priest who performed the exorcism in 1949, Father William Bowdern, is played by ex-Bond Timothy Dalton. Allen’s book is based on a fabled diary kept by another priest who was present at the exorcism in St. Louis. Blatty is said to have read the diary as he was writing his novel. This perhaps makes Possessed the closest adaptation to the actual case yet filmed. And for a TV movie it’s not bad. The boy, Robbie, is suitably foul mouthed, and at one stage urinates on the priests performing the rite. De Souza interestingly references the wider social and political evils that were taken place in the world at the time. The film opens with Bowdern as a combat medic witnessing the horrors of World War 2. He returns traumatised and an alcoholic. These are the horrors he must face down alongside the exorcism. De Souza also uses the cold war as a backdrop to the story. An early scene shows Robbie in class watching Duck and Cover (1952) an instructional film shown to school children telling them what to do in the event of an atomic attack. The civil rights struggles are also referenced as Bowdern angrily confronts white racists attacking black students outside the university where he teaches. Although De Souza never labours the point, the idea of possession as a symptom of national hysteria begins to seep into the story – an idea that later exorcism films like The Last Exorcism (2010) and Requiem (2006) would further explore.

Timothy Dalton in Possessed, 2000

Writer-Director, Paul Schrader had once described The Exorcist as “the single most powerful metaphor in the history of cinema”. It was fitting, then, that Warner Brothers would hire him for the next Exorcist sequel, Dominion: The Prequel to The Exorcist (2005). Schrader, like Blatty, had a theological background (although Schrader was a Calvinist) and had long admired directors with a ‘transcendental style’, such as Ozu, Bresson and Dreyer. He had also made Cat People (1982), a graphic remake of the Val Lewton classic.

Stellan Skarsgard played Father Merrin, as a young priest facing true evil in Africa for the first time in the wake of World War 2. He discovers a young boy who begins to exhibit signs of possession. In the process of treating him, Merrin finds his true faith. The film that Schrader made of this basic story was typically psychological. And not what Warner Brothers wanted (didn’t they read the script?). After seeing his finished cut they fired Schrader and brought in Renny Harlin to reshoot the film using many of the same actors (including Skarsgard) and much of the same script but just with more – y’ know, Exorcist-type stuff.

Screenwriter Alexi Hawley was brought in to rewrite William Wisher and Caleb Carr’s script, taking the focus off Merrin’s spiritual struggle and emphasising the horror and the scares. Schrader’s version was shelved, and the Renny Harlin version appeared as The Exorcist: The Beginning (2004) to scathing reviews and poor box office. Meanwhile, in one of the most intriguing examples of Hollywood politics ever, Schrader’s version was finally given the go ahead for release a year later, following Schrader’s tirelessly working fan-based websites to create a rumour mill behind his film. Dominion: The Prequel to The Exorcist (2005) enjoyed better notices and made more money. William Peter Blatty supported Schrader in the campaign to get the film released, calling it a “handsome, classy, elegant piece of work”. Blatty had, on the other hand, described watching Exorcist: The Beginning as “his most humiliating professional experience”!

Exorcist: The Beginning, 2004

If Blatty objected to Harlin’s comic book, CGI-approach to demonic possession he probably wouldn’t have liked Constantine (2005) much either. Based on Vertigo Comics’ Hellblazer, it starred Keanu Reeves as John Constantine, as a cynical spiritualist-cum-cop-cum-exorcist, able to root out half-demons and half-angels and send them straight back to where they came from. Filled with action sequences, as one would expect in a Keanu Reeves movie, and lots of Exorcist-type hokum, it was enjoyable if not exactly satisfying sub-Exorcist fodder. Director Francis Lawrence went on to remake Richard Matheson’s classic vampire-apocalypse tale, I am Legend (2007) with Will Smith. Critics called Constantine ‘about as silly as fantasies get’.

After the Harlin/Schrader debacle, Warner Brother seemed content to leave the Exorcist franchise alone. Constantine had turned the subgenre into a comic strip action movie. By 2005, it seemed like the exorcism movie had finally run its course and met a demise of parody, spoof and pastiche. However, another true story was to inject some much needed gravitas back into the subject and inspire three powerful films that would reignite audience’s interest in demonic possession.

Anneliese Michel was a German Catholic woman said to be possessed by demons. In 1976, she underwent an exorcism that led to her death from malnutrition at the age of 24. The case has subsequently been labelled one of misdiagnosis, mental illness, medical negligence, abuse and religious hysteria. Anneliese’s story went on to inspire three films.

The Exorcism of Emily Rose (2005) tells its story through the device of a courtroom drama (based loosely on the trial that followed Anneliese Michel’s death) in which the priest who exorcised Emily Rose (played by Tom Wilkinson) stands accused of manslaughter. Laura Linney plays the hot shot lawyer who has to prove that possession is a possibility in order to get Wilkinson acquitted. It received mixed reviews but audiences loved it. Emily Rose’s possession and her subsequent exorcism are told in flashback – and to be sure, it’s pure exorcism movie stuff. Emily Rose (played by Jennifer Carpenter) is tormented by invisible forces, horrific visions and bodily contortions. However, the flashback structure tells these events from Emily Rose’s point of view raising the question – is she really possessed or mentally ill? This was a new twist to the exorcism movie back in 2005. The name cast and ‘true story’ credentials gave The Exorcism of Emily Rose a respectability that set it apart from the slew of exorcism movies, helped by the wrap-around device of the court room sequences which gave it the air of serious drama. What the film is actually putting on trial is the belief in demonic possession, does it exist or does it not? The film’s answer – shared, I suspect, by most of the audience – is a resounding yes. The Exorcism of Emily Rose became a hit, taking $75 million in domestic box office and $69 million worldwide, making exorcism movies bankable again.

Jennifer Carpenter in The Exorcism of Emily Rose, 2005

Requiem (2006) was an entirely different matter, earning critical kudos for its realistic portrayal of a young college girl’s plight when her epilepsy is misidentified as demonic possession by herself and the members of her church. The film stars Sandra Huller as Michaela, whose strict religious upbringing causes her to believe she is possessed, while others around her either share her belief in the need for exorcism (her mother for example) or try to persuade her to seek psychiatric help. The film stays clear of the usual exorcism movie tricks, instead presenting a documentary style account of Michaela’s attempt to lead a normal life while trapped in a limbo between mental illness and her belief that she is possessed. The film went on to win many awards including the Silver Bear at the 56th Berlin Film Festival for Sandra Huller’s performance as the afflicted Michaela.

Sandra Huller in Requiem, 2006

Low budget rip-off merchants The Global Asylum released a ‘documentary’ of the Anneliese Michel story in 2011. Anneliese: The Exorcist Tapes purported to include actual footage from the exorcism of Anneliese Michel, but the bogus nature of this documentary is apparent in its alternative title Paranormal Entity 3: The Exorcist Tapes. Is there no shame in this world? Given the success of Blair Witch Project, it was no surprise that someone would eventually apply the ‘found footage’ approach to an exorcism movie, however. Luckily, Eli Roth produced one that was eons better than the wretched Anneliese: The Exorcist Tapes.

The Last Exorcism (2010) directed by Daniel Stamm, told the story of a disillusioned evangelical minister, Cotton (Patrick Fabian), who is forced to reassess his conviction that most instances of demonic possession are fake when he is called to the aid of Nell (Ashley Bell), a farmer’s daughter, who appears to be a genuine case.

The Last Exorcism tried to achieve the same level of ambiguity as The Exorcism of Emily Rose but also attempted a Requiem-style discourse on the ‘possession’ phenomenon itself as a social evil. Cotton suspects that Nell, who is pregnant, has been sexually abused by her father, who tries to mask his guilt by claiming Nell is possessed. The film plays on this ambiguity for the most part – until the ending, which some found a bit of a cop out. Overall though, The Last Exorcism was well received by critics and audiences – and made a bundle at the box office. It also featured a disturbing poster campaign that caused controversy in the UK. The original poster depicting a girl bent over backwards in a ‘possession bow’ met with complaints and was promptly banned from display in public places.

Ashley Bell in The Last Exorcism, 2010

If exorcism movies took a step forward with Emily Rose, Requiem and The Last Exorcism, they took a step backwards with The Rite (2011). This time Anthony Hopkins plays the Merrin-like priest, Father Lucas, who takes seminary student Michael (Colin O’Donoghue) under his wing to demonstrate the Roman Catholic rite of exorcism on a young woman whom he believes to be possessed. Based on Matt Baglio’s book The Making of a Modern Day Exorcist, which charted Baglio’s real life spiritual journey from sceptic to believer, The Rite starts quite well. Michael enters the seminary as an escape from job as a mortician working with his father (played by Rutger Hauer). He sees it as a free education and plans to abdicate as soon as he gets his degree. However it’s only when he accepts a scholarship to Rome to attend a class on exorcism that his education really begins. Unfortunately, The Rite quickly falls into cliché, especially in its depiction of possession (like in the Harrison Ford flick, The Possessed, the woman has a habit of spitting nails). Eventually it ditches the spiritual subtext in favour of risible plot development as Anthony Hopkins himself becomes possessed and Michael is called to deliver the exorcism, forcing him to find his faith in the process.

The problem with The Rite is that it fails to convince us that possession might be a real phenomenon, precisely because it ends up relying on the usual exorcism movie clichés, disposing with ambiguity (and subtlety) along the way.

As for The Devil Inside (2012), the reviews have been mixed. Directed by William Brent Bell who made computer game survival horror Stay Alive (2006), The Devil Inside is another film in the quasi-documentary ‘found footage’ style. The story is about a filmmaker who is documenting a series of exorcisms during her quest to find out what happened to her mother, a woman who murdered three people as a result of being possessed by a demon. The Devil Inside topped the US box office on its opening weekend – an indication that the demand for exorcism movies shows no sign of slowing. With The Last Exorcism 2 and The Possession in the pipeline, 2012 could well turn out to be the biggest year for exorcism movies since Blatty’s original set the trend in the 1970s.

So what of exorcism movies past 2012? Can films featuring demonic possession continue to break new ground? Will they continue to appeal? Or is the subgenre destined to sink into self-parody the way it has in the past? Recent films like Emily Rose, Requiem and The Last Exorcism have shown the phenomenon of possession is itself rich with ambiguity. Is it a form of mental illness? Or genuine evidence of supernatural forces at work? These three films, like The Exorcist, have intelligently explored these ideas whilst still providing audiences with what they want – a good old fashioned scare. And they have also shown that the social evils associated with possession – religious hysteria, family abuse, medical negligence – can provide exorcism movies with a serious subtext to explore, just as Blatty showed that issues of faith could provide the basis for a gripping tale in his original The Exorcist. If more films can be made like these then I suspect exorcist movies will continue to find audiences and stay popular with the critics.

Despite the clichés that have become associated with exorcism movies, the notion of demonic possession continues to fascinate us, as it has done for centuries: it is one of the great mysteries, one of the great unknowns. For that reason, if for no other, there is always bound to be demand for exorcism movies – and that’s enough to turn any Hollywood executive’s head around.

Remembering Susan Gordon

Susan Gordon, daughter of filmmaker Bert I. Gordon (Mr. B.I.G.), passed away recently due to complications of cancer at the age of 62.

For every boy growing up, Susan Gordon was the epitome of a girlfriend we all wanted. Smart, sassy and a gal who could handle herself in any situation, she could have been the archetype for Marion Ravenwood from Raiders of the Lost Ark as a child. 

Susan always had a lot of fan mail to answer and a lot of marriage proposals from ten year old boys with huge crushes on her. I know, because I was one of them.

An incredibly talented child actress, Susan appeared in four of her father’s films Tormented, Attack of the Puppet People, Picture Mommy Dead and my personal favorite The Boy and the Pirates, as well as The Man In the Hat with Alan Ladd and The Five Pennies with Danny Kaye. 

With a long list of television credits, that included The Alfred Hitchcock Hour, My Three SonsBen Casey and her stand out performance as Jenny, an interplanetary Princess hiding out on Earth in the guise of a child in The Twilight Zone episode The Fugitive

Having met her at an autograph show several years ago, she blossomed into a beautiful, warm and loving woman who still retained her happy smile and was very gracious towards her fans, taking time for each and every one.

Sleep well little, Princess Jenny. You will always be remembered in our hearts.