Lloyd Kaufman | ESSEX SPACEBIN, TROMA

With David Hollinshead and Philip Thompson’s fantastic British sci-fi comedy Essex Spacebin released through Troma Entertainment later this month, we caught up with Troma’s iconic figurehead Lloyd Kaufman to discuss what makes Essex Spacebin the most exciting Troma picture since The Toxic Avenger, how Troma has managed to survive for an impressive 43 years, the struggles that come with being constantly frowned upon by some in the mainstream, and so many other topics that even Toxie’s famed mop bucket would struggle to contain them all.

STARBURST: How did yourself and Troma end up involved with Essex Spacebin? Did David and Philip approach yourself directly?

Lloyd Kaufman: Yeah, they were fans. It’s our 43rd year now, and Troma has become legendary by taking on projects that are one-of-a-kind projects that the mainstream are too stupid to appreciate. Projects like Trey Parker and Matt Stone’s Cannibal: The Musical. That was unfinished when it came to us, and no mainstream people wanted to touch it. Trey and Matt came to us first, but we couldn’t afford a big advance so they went everywhere else but none of the idiots in the mainstream got it. Then they came back to us; we were the first and last stops on the train. And I assume that to be true with Essex Spacebin. In fact, that would be my advice to any independent filmmaker: go to the companies that have a lot of money and get advance payments. If that doesn’t happen, if you don’t get an advanced payment, then I think Troma is the best show in town because we’re honest and we’ve been around for 43 years, and we work hard and appreciate the one-of-a-kind movie that comes from the heart. And this is certainly a movie that David Hollinshead and Philip Thompson produced not just from their heart but from every other organ in their body. Plus it’s in 35mm, which shows you their dedication to the wonderful world of cinema. They didn’t just vomit it out on a RED or Blackmagic and then use shitty sound, which so many people do.


Essex Spacebin 

We saw a quote from yourself where you said you’ve not been as excited by a movie as much as Essex Spacebin since the first Toxic Avenger film. For those who haven’t seen the film, what makes you say that and why does it have you so excited?

Well I like the fact that it’s sci-fi, comedy, and it’s not about some young non-male in a bikini. It takes risks! Remember Surf Nazis Must Die, the central character was a fat old black woman, Momma. Unfortunately the actress is dead, but we didn’t have anything to do with that. But this is a similar situation, an old woman who’s basically mentally ill. A lot of people in that position see things but it turns out they’re not mentally ill. So there’s a very interesting ying and yang there. I think it’s Chris Morris meets The Mighty Boosh, if that makes sense.

With Essex Spacebin, the humour on show is very much British humour in its references and simply in its dialogue. How did you find that, and how do you think that humour will translate to US and other international audiences?

We don’t know, but we know we like it. Michael Herz .

It’s a strong indicator in the faith you have in David and Philip, that you’re placing such trust in them that the film will connect with international audiences…

The projects that we’re involved in, even the ones we write and direct, we have to really believe in them. Then if they fall flat, so what. Nobody would play The Toxic Avenger when we made it, and now Toxie is a much bigger star than most of the idiots who are telling us what to do at the Golden Globes. Nobody would play the film, then it eventually ended up with 2,000 screens in the United States. It’s really an art form, and maybe it won’t work in the United States. It’ll work in China where they bootleg everything and don’t give the artists a penny. It’ll work in fascist Russia where they bootleg everything. And it’ll work in South America where they bootleg everything. In the small part of the world that actually respects copyright, I don’t know. We’ll have to see. But we love it, and we’ve had many movies… Combat Shock, which was very successful in your country. It took us 15 years to break even on that one, but eventually word of mouth gets out there and these movies find an audience. So there’s no reason that Essex Spacebin shouldn’t be a hit, at least the way we see it. But you’re right, it’s very British. When I was a kid, my father subscribed to Punch Magazine and we’d see Swann on Broadway in The Mouse That Roared. I was raised on British humour, so we get it. It may well be that not everybody gets it, but it’s an important film. In a fair world it should be playing at Sundance and all the great festivals. Unfortunately, Harvey Weinstein hasn’t taken it under his big fat wing. It’s just as good as the movie he’s got out now, Arrival or Nocturnal Animals. I’ve seen them both, and this movie is much better than Arrival or Nocturnal Animals. But unfortunately, filmmakers who are unable to get the elite to pay attention, because the elite gatekeepers are usually stupid and unimaginative… And we’re the last ones, we’re the last stop on the train. I don’t think there are any independent movie companies that have any longevity or any credibility or that are honest except for us.


Iain Stuart Robertson, Caryl Griffith and Lorraine Malby in Essex Spacebin 

And it’s commendable how Troma are willing to take a chance on young aspiring filmmakers. Anybody that wants to try their hand, you’re willing to give them a go if at all possible. With the submissions that you’ve received over the years, be it directly to yourself or under the Troma banner, has there ever been anything that was submitted where you’ve just though it was too much even for you to tackle?

No, I think what we find offensive is when people are writing treatments or scripts where they’re clearly trying to imitate us but they don’t get it. All they have is zombies and non-males in bikinis running around the woods, chopping and fucking and dismembering. And there’s no theme, no point to it. Shakespeare Wrote The Tempest, that’s our next project. This could be an exclusive for you, Shakespeare’s Tempest Presents Troma’s Shitstorm. It wasn’t just about the dreams and drugs and monsters, it was all about the loss of power. There’s so much going on in that play, and even though it did appeal to the masses who may have only liked it because of certain lascivious and trippy kind of things, there’s a lot going on there. The same with the Troma movies, but we get so many scripts where people don’t get what we’re doing. Actually, about 99.99% of the world don’t get what we’re doing. But I can’t say we’ve ever gotten a script or project that we thought crossed the red line, Obama’s red line. There are certain things that I wouldn’t touch. If somebody wanted Michael Herz and me to produce the favourable Hilary Clinton biopic, we certainly wouldn’t do that.

From a personal viewpoint, there’d been The Toxic Crusaders cartoon when I was younger, but my first real Troma experience was catching Terror Firmer on late night TV in, I think, 2000….

That’s great! That’s an amazing movie, and it becomes more and more relevant. The New York Times, this Sunday, because there’s movies out in the mainstream now that deal with rape, it means rape’s acceptable. The New York Times is twisting itself into a pretzel to write a feature in the Sunday entertainment section about these wonderful TV shows and movies that are coming out that deal with rape. But with Terror Firmer, we had the life-affirming rape! That was the major theme of the movie. Of course, the social warrior justice, when we made that movie, when it came out in 1999, there was a lot of bad talk about Terror Firmer because people couldn’t get over the idea that there was a rape in the movie. But it was a self-affirming rape, right? Now thanks to national public radio, the concept of the life-affirming rape came up. So the point is, if you’re a visionary like Essex Spacebin, you’re going to have to fight for your seat at the table. The mainstream is more and more controlled by a small number of conglomerates just as much in your country as in my country, and there are all sorts of bad things happening in my country, where they want to get rid of net neutrality on the Internet, which, of course, we all need to fight for if we want to have innovation and we want to continue innovation like Kickstarter or like Netflix or like Troma Now, our subscription system. We have to preserve net neutrality. There’s all sorts of innovation and wonderful things, and they’re going to go away if the European Commission, with whom the British are working, if they had the US lobbyists get rid of net neutrality and permit a super highway which only the rich and powerful can get on, then the Essex Spacebins of the world, and I think Troma, would likely disappear, and maybe your magazine, who knows?!

I’m giving a keynote speech on February 7th in Silicon Valley to a big group of lawyers, opinion makers, and all that. I’m not sure what they want me to talk about, but all I’m going to talk about is net neutrality, to make sure people think carefully and contact their elected officials. Without it, we’re going to be subject to CNN’s fake news, The New York Times’ fake news, we’re going to have all of these stupid celebrities who have been made famous for crap television, and all the progress that’s been made, the wonderful golden age of television that exists now, that’s all because Netflix and Amazon and the free and open and democratic Internet have allowed it to bubble up. So there’s now competition, and even the crappy stations here in the States, like FX and even NBC, are making good shows. And that’s all thanks to competition, that’s only due to net neutrality. If we want more original art, if we want more innovation, if we want more visionary filmmakers like the Chelmsford Film Society, we must preserve the open Internet, net neutrality.


Will Keenan in Terror Firmer 

You’re clearly a highly intelligent guy who doesn’t get carried away with the whole bubble of Hollywood, celebrity, and all that comes with that, and you’re very level-headed and grounded. You mentioned how Troma has been going for a phenomenal 43 years now, but there are some people out there who look down their noses at what Troma puts out because it’s not a glossy Hollywood feature. It seems that stuff like this is water off a duck’s back for you, but was there ever a time in your younger days when you’d get frustrated that people would look down on the products that you were putting out?

Yeah, people are constantly shunning us because they don’t love film. The people who love film love us. I mean Trey Parker and Matt Stone, James Gunn just heard about The Tempest and he tweeted a big thing about it which must’ve got me a whole shitload of new followers. So the people who love movies, they get Troma – they actually watch the movies! It’s the idiots like The Washington Post, a guy who reviewed Poultrygeist: Night of the Chicken Dead, he reviewed it and the review appeared in the newspaper. He didn’t even look at the movie! He panned the movie and said “If you want an example of the dialogue…” and he quoted the tagline from the poster, which is not even in the movie. He was the lead critic for The Washington Post and then they got rid of him, probably for other reasons, but we certainly brought it to their attention.

We absolutely loved Poultrygeist!

Terrific! The New York Times gave it a very good review, and for the most the theatrical release was quite a big success. Again, we’re a small company and it’s very hard to penetrate the hymen of the mainstream without getting fucked. But back to Poultrygeist, in a fair world it would’ve been a huge, huge hit. If you look at Deadpool, the guys who made Deadpool, I’ve never met them but people who know them have said they’re huge Troma fans, and that film’s been nominated for lots of awards. And they love Troma, you can see it in Deadpool. But unfortunately we made Poultrygeist in 2006. Maybe if we’d made it today, when it’s no longer visionary… because it takes 20 years for people to come up with what we were doing 20 years ago. That’s the problem. Van Gogh had the same problem, by the way. So did the guy who put the urinal up on the wall, the French guy, Marcel Duchamp. He put a urinal up on the wall and signed it, and fist fights broke out in Paris in 1913 at the French-American Exhibition. But then he also put a rake up on the wall and signed that. Those things are now worth half a million bucks at least. The gatekeepers are always the stupidest. The public is pretty smart. You let the public decide. If the public see Essex Spacebin, they’ll love it! It’s a beautiful 35 mm movie, and I’m coming over to support it as I think it’s a historical movie. That will be at The Prince Charles. Prince Charles, he’s still around? But I will not be showing off my Prince Albert.

At Troma, you guys are always ‘the little engine that could’, always fighting up hill. How do you think the company itself and your career would’ve played out if The Toxic Avenger hadn’t clicked with audiences in the way that it did?

That was an enormous success, it was huge! It led to a cartoon show, merchandise based on Toxie, there are three sequels, and Hollywood’s doing a kabillion dollar remake. It was a huge success, it just took time. Initially nobody would touch it. We brought it to the Cannes Film Festival and didn’t make one deal; everybody didn’t get it. Then suddenly one little theater in Greenwich Village, New York played it. She was French and she owned the theater, and they had a line around the block the day it opened. The next year at Cannes, we had a feeding frenzy. In fact, that was when we had the sequel.

What you should speculate on is what would’ve happened in a fair world where’s there’s competition – what would’ve happened to Poultrygeist or to Return to Nuke ‘Em High or Terror Firmer. Those things would’ve been huge, huge hits in a fair world. The Toxic Avenger got in under the wire. There still was competition, there still were many different distributors around the world. The media cartel, the media oligopoly, had not conspired yet with the various governments to close the industry off to only the elite. So I think that would be a more interesting speculation. When I began, there were at least thirty small studios in the early-‘70s prospering in the United States. The point is, we were doing fine until the legalized bribery called lobbying changed the countryside. There’s some good news, though. The good news is that the creation of digital formats have democratized the making of movies, so anyone can make a movie – you don’t need money anymore to make a movie. You don’t need money, you can make a movie for almost nothing. You need talent. And you don’t even need that and you can still make a movie! But you can’t live off your art. No matter how good your $5,000 movie is, out of a thousand maybe one of them might get into the hands of the gatekeepers. So the good thing is the making of cinema has been democratized, the bad news is Troma could’ve gone with the wind. We could come out with Downton Abbey, we could come out with The Crown, whatever. The point is, we’re sucking hind tit. We could have Gone With the Wind and no one would pay attention. So that’s the problem. By the way, a little known fact, when Poultrygeist had its first theatrical booking in New York City, the theater that we were in was the highest grossing venue in the United States. The highest grossing screen in the United States was Poultrygeist but two weeks later they kicked us out because the Raiders of the Lost Ark skull fuckers needed every possible screen in the world. Even though we were doing okay, they still didn’t hold us over. Even though we advertised, even though we played by all the rules, got good reviews, they still threw us out.


Lloyd in Poultrygeist: Night of the Chicken Dead 

With stuff like that, it must get annoying at times. You’re in a venue and doing well, then the film gets pulled because Harrison Ford has a new Indiana Jones movie out…

I agree, I’m a totally bitter, sad, old drunken low-budget legendary filmmaker. I wanna blow my fucking brains out 24/7. But hey, I don’t live in Aleppo so aren’t I lucky, right? I’ve been making movies on my own with no one telling me what to do for 50 years. Next year’s my 50th year of making movies. Trey Parker wrote the introduction to one of my books – Make Your Own Damn Movie – and he says, “Nobody knows how to make great movies that make no money like Lloyd Kaufman.” I’ve just been lucky that fans have kind of kept us going and we’ve been able to stagger along on the memory of fumes – we don’t even live on fumes!

Regardless of the mainstream knocking you back at times, it must be so rewarding for you when you see the fanbase that you do have? The fanbase that you have is certainly a passionate one, and those people don’t just like Troma, they love Troma. That must be hugely rewarding?

Well I think the thing Michael Herz and I keep telling ourselves is, “Hey, the Oscars have nothing to do with merit, it has to do with who has the biggest advertising penis.” They’re politicking, it’s nothing to do with what’s the best movie. Our movies, people like ‘em because they like ‘em. We don’t even have money to advertise! So how nice is that? Intellectually that’s a very nice thing. I may be a narcissist but I’m the Troma fans’ narcissist, I’m your narcissist. Of course I’m insulted by the fact that we don’t get respect. We reached 40 years in New York City, making movies in New York, but not one New York newspaper or TV station or anything said one word about us, nothing. The New York Times had a huge article last Sunday where, because there’s some movies now that deal with rape, suddenly rape’s acceptable, nothing’s wrong, they twist themselves in… did I just talk about this? Terror Firmer was almost 20 years ago. We usually get good reviews from the serious critics, they give us good reviews, but we can’t penetrate the hymen of the market without getting fucked, as I said earlier.

Were there any particular Troma pictures that standout as surprising you with how popular they became, and similarly were they any ones that you thought would be special but didn’t quite get there?

Honestly, every movie I’ve been involved in and we’ve made, I’m 100% certain that this’ll be it, this one will see the magic happen, God will shine her magic on us and she will make Return to Return to Nuke ‘Em High, aka Volume 2, she will make that somehow miraculously the next Rocky Horror Picture Show, the thing with Susan Sarandon that they keep running at midnight with lines around the block. But I keep thinking “This’ll be it”Return to Return to Nuke’ Em High. We’re just finishing it, the last bit of colour correction, tweaks on the sound, mixing. In fact, Michael Herz has said it on camera that this is the best film Troma have ever made. And he does not indulge in hyperbole, so he meant it – he thinks it’s our best movie. Maybe the magic will happen, maybe God will shine her grace on this particular movie.


Return to Nuke ‘Em High 

You’ve revisited Class of Nuke ‘Em High, The Toxic Avenger has spawned three sequels, the Sgt. Kabukiman character has appeared in several features, but are there any other characters or movies that you’d have loved to have returned to over the years?

My wife Pat has just retired from 20 years as the New York State film commissioner. She was appointed by both Democratic and Republican state governors, which is unusual in the society that we have these days, but she did such a good job. She says that Toxie is basically my subtle way of chronicling my own life, she sees Toxie as me. And we did in fact write the fifth Toxic Avenger, which I would like to make but it’s gonna cost about £700,000 and we can’t possibly get that money.

Is the plan for that to still feature toxic twins?

Yes! It starts off in Chernobyl, but it is the toxic twins, yes. But unfortunately we can’t raise the money. So the Shakespeare one is what we’re making, I can get some friends to put up some money for that one – I think that will be about £300,000. I can put up some of it, our friends will put the rest. Unfortunately, I cannot tell anybody that if they put up half a million dollars for a Troma movie they can even break even – which we used to be able to say. Now we have to say that if you want to invest in a Troma movie then you have to be a patron of the arts. It’s called economic blacklisting. Unless you are in the asshole of one of the giant conglomerates, you are sucking on hind tit. By the way, my good buddy, one of my best friends in the UK, is Terry Jones from Monty Python, and one of his latest projects is a movie about economics that’s wonderful. If you haven’t seen it, it’s a documentary and it’s all about an economist who basically predicted this – it’s called Boom Bust Boom. His son came with me to see the Toxic Avenger musical.

And how surreal was it for you to see Toxie up on the stage as part of a musical production?

Well it was my idea originally because some students who were fans came to us years ago because they wanted to do a musical, and I love musicals. You know, Poultrygeist is my attempt to involve the musical genre. It was around the time of Poultrygeist and they wanted to do a musical, but they didn’t have any money to buy the rights so I let them do it for free. And they did a good job, it was in Portland, Oregon. I went to see it, it was very enjoyable, and then by coincidence another guy in Omaha, Nebraska wanted to do a musical. I did the same thing, they didn’t have money so I let them do it for free. That went about 2 months and got very good reviews, enough to attract the attention of the team that produced the musical based on Dirty Rotten Scoundrels. So those producers discovered the Omaha musical, and they did have money so they bought the rights from us. Then they hired Bon Jovi’s David Bryant to write the music with Joe DiPietro. In the programme for London he was there and everyone gave him a big standing ovation because he’s got some things happening, you know, so it was really touching.


Lloyd with two of his most famous creations, Toxie and Sgt. Kabukiman 

With yourself, it must be pretty rewarding to see the legacy that you’ve left. You’ve got people turning one of your movies into a musical, you have people like Quentin Tarantino, James Gunn, Eli Roth, Trey Parker and Matt Stone citing you as an influence in their filmmaking careers. It must make you extremely proud?

Absolutely, sure, it’s terrific. Return to Nuke ‘Em High is an event film. Tarantino is the one originally years ago who told me to do an event film, to do something bigger. Obviously we don’t have the money to do something bigger, but we have the money to make a two-part movie. When I saw that he did Volume 1 and Volume 2 with Kill Bill, that reminded me and I thought to do that with Return to Nuke ‘Em High, which we did. The first part came out, and we’re just doing the second half of it.

Is there a rough idea of when we can expect to see Return to Return to Nuke ‘Em High yet?

When somebody in the UK reads your fine article . But Essex Spacebin is finished, and it’s a wonderful British film. I’m hoping we’ll be able to attract the attention of UK filmmakers or at least it’ll do well enough to get these guys acceptance so they can make another movie. Cannibal: The Musical, because we put that on in some movie theaters in the States and made a VHS box for them, that gave them some credibility so that when they went to get subsequent projects going, people knew Troma and at least they could say “Hey, Troma’s a stepping stone, here it is, and now let’s go on to South Park or whatever.” So hopefully this will be a stepping stone for David Hollinshead and Philip Thompson. People did not expect a Monty Python or The Mouse That Roared to be successful in the States, but they were huge hits. If something is good and there’s a reasonable fairness in the marketplace – which there is not – then a fair world says Essex Spacebin will be successful. Unfortunately it’s not a fair world, and three quarters of the world is a land of fascist bootleggers. China, Russia, South America, and Africa are corrupt and there’s no such thing as copyright law except for the few. China permits about 50 movies a year that don’t get bootlegged, but everything else gets bootlegged because the bureaucratic elite and the military elite own the factories in China that make the DVDs and they also own the streaming companies. So they’re all getting fat off our intellectual property. For show, they’ll let Star Wars and those movies be protected. In fact, for 3 years I’ve been invited to be on a very important Chinese-American panel in California. Each time I go on it, I slam the Chinese government for their awful behaviour – then I keep getting invited back to do it! It’s the Chinese-American Film Festival, which is owned and controlled by the Chinese government yet they still keep inviting me back. I think the lower level bureaucrats want the higher level bureaucrats to hear my message. If you’re interested, we posted it on YouTube – “Lloyd Kaufman Slams China” – but it’s the third year I’ve been on this thing, so I think there’s a certain bureaucratic class that gets it, that realises that if China wants to do movies that are really popular around the world then they can’t have this attitude with exterminating people and beating up the relatives of authors who write books that are not acceptable to the Chinese government. But it’s not going to happen. We also sit on the panel, the United States don’t have clean hands either because our media is controlled by a handful of these people. You can’t imagine how many people don’t know who the Toxic Avenger is, how many people in our media industry have never heard of The Toxic Avenger because it’s all about Star Wars or the Sundance-approved so-called independent movies that are not independent at all. These movies that Sundance shows cost $12 million, $20 million, are produced by the sons of Tom Hanks and people like that. They’re not independent! But they call them that, they’ve stolen the word independent. We’re fucked, we’re fucked.

One thing we have to ask about is the rumblings over the years of a Toxic Avenger remake. The second half of last year saw something more concrete developing on that, and there’s talk of other Troma movies getting remade, and obviously there’s already been a Mother’s Day remake…

Brett Ratner’s company remade Mother’s Day. I haven’t seen it but we got a big fat cheque. I’ve heard it’s pretty good. It’s my brother’s movie, Charles Kaufman, he got a big fat cheque and Troma got a bit of money, too. But Brett Ratner who made all those Jackie Chan Rush Hour movies, he produced it, his company produced it. They got some stars in it, and nobody complained about it so I guess that’s okay. But the Toxic Avenger one, they’re spending $100 million on it, we’ve been getting some payments, and they hired Conrad Vernon, the guy who directed Sausage Party, to direct it. So it’s still bubbling around. Again, we’re not experts in the mainstream, but I think the Sausage Party guy is a big Troma fan. I saw Sausage Party and I think he’s the right director to take us into the mainstream.

And is there anything happening with a Nuke ‘Em High remake, as that was something that’s been talked about?

Actually, the remake or the reimagining or the rebooting that we did, that wasn’t my idea. Because we’ve been around so long, there’s certain people at these bigger companies who love Troma and have an affection for the ‘80s. A guy at Starz Media had the idea to remake Class of Nuke ‘Em High and suggested that maybe I would like to direct it. I said “Okay”, and he said “All you have to do is raise the money for it and make the movie, then we’ll pick it up and pay you a small profit.” So they did that, and the only request I had was no censorship, and they did that. Now the second half of the movie, we’re on our own. Starz is now owned by Lionsgate, so the guy who was our champion, I don’t know where he is. They probably took him and shot him. But that was lucky, we made a few bucks and we own all the rights outside the English-speaking countries. We hope that the distributors who distributed the first volume will be interested in the second half of the movie in the UK. The second one’s a lot better, too. Michael Herz has said – and he never compliments our movies, he never gets involved in that, he’s the business guy – he was filmed saying this was the best movie in Troma’s 40 years of shit disturbance.


Lloyd with Troma’s poster boy, Toxie, aka The Toxic Avenger 

43 years now Troma’s been going against the wind…

Hanging around like a drunken man in the dark! Troma’s the herpes of the movie industry – we will never go away.

In that time, obviously there’s been huge, vast, regular changes in filmmaking. It’s so easy now for anybody to make a film, but how have those changes affected Troma? Is it a case of pros and cons?

I majored in Chinese Studies at Yale University, and the big take away for me was Taoism, which suggests that the universe is dualistic, namely that there’s a ying and yang, that beauty and ugliness cannot be separated, evil and goodness are bound up in each other. The oyster gets a piece of sand stuck in its anus – very painful – but it produces the most beautiful spherical thing called a pearl. And I see the industry as that. The industry is ying and yang. The fact that we don’t need money to make a good movie anymore. You can make a movie for nothing thanks to the digital revolution. The bad news is, you can’t live off your art. You’ve got to be in with some asshole, some Mr. Big, in order to make a living. So that’s basically where we stand. Aesthetically, I believe that digital is now more beautiful than 35mm, and I’ve moved over to the Alexa camera, and I suspect I’ll stick with that until the next better thing comes along. I know 35mm is cherished and I respect the fact that Essex Spacebin is on 35mm, but I personally, even though one of my books from 20 years ago – Make Your Own Damn Movie – Trent Haaga, one of my protégés, and I have a big argument in the book where I embrace 35mm. In those days it was better than digital, but I do believe now that digital far exceeds 35mm.

You mention “Mr. Big” there, but were there any times over the years where Troma came close to getting the huge financial backing of the mainstream?

We penetrated the hymen of the mainstream twice, and we got fucked. We were the ones who got fucked both times. We spent probably the first 10 years of our company trying to work with the mainstream but then it became very clear. I think what really pushed me over the edge was, to support Troma, I would take production managing jobs and line producing, work on bigger movies like Rocky and Saturday Night Fever. They were both mainstream movies but they both were brilliant. So then we got involved with a movie called The Final Countdown starring Kirk Douglas. We were one of the producers, we had a small piece of it. And that experience was just horrible because it could’ve been a really, really, really good movie. It’s not a bad movie but they had a horrible director, there was nobody on it apart from Kirk Douglas and his son and me who really cared about the movie. If you get the Blu-ray of The Final Countdown, they interviewed me for the Blu-ray and I really speak my mind there. After that experience, and Michael Herz agreed, that was the end of it. In fact, we owned 2% of the gross on that movie but we’ve never even seen a statement! Again, we love money, we’re definitely dirty Jews and money means a lot to us, but the fact that I put so much effort into that movie, as did Kirk Douglas, as did Peter Douglas, his son whose project it was, there was no team. With the Troma Team, we had about 80 people on Return to Return to Nuke ‘Em High, and they lived in a vacant funeral home, sleeping on air mattresses on the floor, one shower for 80 people. That’s how devoted they were to the project. With The Final Countdown, nobody gave a shit apart from Kirk Douglas, Peter Douglas and me. It’s not a bad movie, but boy it could’ve been just the best. After that, if they wanna approach us we’re here. They approached us on Mother’s Day, they gave us a big cheque. They approached us on Toxic Avenger, and for that I think they’ve got a great team. Conrad, I’ve met him a couple of times, and I know he’s a huge fan of Terror Firmer who grew up with Troma. And he’s got the guts to do what he believes in. Then there’s the lead producer, a guy named Akiva Goldsman, he won an Oscar for A Beautiful Mind. They all love Troma and they love movies, so I think whatever they come up with will come from their heart and soul. I’m looking forward to it.

How they told you anything about what they’ve got in mind for The Toxic Avenger remake, such as will Toxie be all practical effects?

No, they haven’t, not yet, but I do know that Conrad Vernon is a big fan. Honestly, I haven’t seen a script, I haven’t seen anything. I did see a script a while back but I didn’t read it. Unless they specifically ask me, I really don’t think I should get involved. I’m happy to, but I learnt from the musical, when I went to that table reading and I’d prepared these notes, they knew what they were doing and they didn’t really need me. The good news, though, about The Toxic Avenger is it’s going to be an R-rated movie, so at least it’s not going to be dumbed down, sanitized. I think the director and whoever’s writing it, I got the sense that this is a group who loves cinema, because why else would they do a movie… we had fighting foetuses in the fourth movie, we had fighting foetuses inside a woman’s stomach! And the fact that they loved Terror Firmer, as I mentioned, that’s got a self-affirming rape scene. That whole theme, now it’s very popular with The New York Times, but it was not in 1999. If you get the uncensored Terror Firmer, it’s amazing – that’s a half a million bucks back in 1999 – when I look at that movie, I’m like “Woah, I can’t believe this movie even got made, it’s totally insane!” But it did, and it’s a great movie, it’s terrific, a great statement about art, about believing in art. Even though the director is blind and may or may not be talented, he’s at least 100% into what he’s doing. By the way, Woody Allen made a movie about a blind director about a year after Terror Firmer came out, and he shot it in the home next to where I live. He shot literally in the house next door to my house! Isn’t that interesting? There were some production assistants sitting on the step next door to my home, and I gave them a couple of copies of Terror Firmer to give to Woody.


Lloyd in James Gunn’s Guardians of the Galaxy 

You’ve had so many appearances in films, so many cameos – even appearing in James Gunn’s Guardians of the Galaxy

I tell you, I got more validation for those seconds in a movie released by Walt Disney than I’d gotten in 50 years of working on my own films!

What’s been your favourite cameo, your favourite on-screen performance?

That’s a very good question. I think the one that’s the best one is when they let me do a little improvisation. The one that comes to mind is Trey Parker’s movie, Orgazmo. I play the doctor at the end of the movie, and I improvised. Also, Trey said that my scene was there to set up the sequel.

A sequel which sadly never happened!

No, of course not! I said, “How will there be a sequel to Orgazmo?!” But how cool that he said that at the time, and that was before they became huge. Also Rocky in 1976, I have a cameo in that. That’s probably my most famous cameo and the cameo that is the most cinema verité because I was totally shit-faced. I got drunk to try to be a better actor, which was a mistake – you shouldn’t do that . That’s my most famous.

Essex Spacebin is available on Amazon Prime now, with a DVD/Blu-ray release to follow at a TBC date later this year, and is also being shown as part of a double-header with Tromeo & Juliet, including a Q&A with Lloyd Kaufman, at The Prince Charles Cinema, London on February 18th. In the meantime, be sure to check out our review of the film here.

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Iain Meadows | ROBIN OF SHERWOOD

Since its original broadcasts back in the 1980s, Richard Carpenter’s Robin of Sherwood has only grown in reputation. Weaving together the legend of Robin Hood and fantastical elements and grounding them in a gritty and complex world, it’s one of the finest British series yet made. When production company Spiteful Puppet announced plans to reunite the cast for an audio production of an un-produced script by Carpenter, the crowdfunding campaign reached its target in just 24 hours, showing fan support for such a project was strong.

When The Knights of the Apocalypse was released in 2016 it was met with positive reviews and an enthusiastic response from the fans that had supported the development. Recently Spiteful Puppet announced that a new full audio series featuring the original cast is in the works. We caught up with Creative Director Iain Meadows to discuss how the first project came together, what to expect from the upcoming new series and how fans can be part of the process.

STARBURST: Robin of Sherwood is a very fondly remembered show and one the cast seemed to love being part of. What was the process like getting the Knights production together and reuniting the cast members?

Iain Meadows: The Knights of the Apocalypse was a huge achievement, firstly because I don’t think anyone ever thought it could be done and then secondly, there were so many logistical challenges. The timing just seemed to fit though, some 30 years after the show ran it’s course on television, suddenly there was Richard’s un-filmed script, which of course Barnaby (Eaton-Jones) the producer, saw the potential for as an audio. The cast were very up for coming back and hugely supportive, and the fans, well when you look at how the crowdfunding went, it just goes to show how fantastic the are and the incredible depth of feeling and love that there still is for the show.

The schedules were pretty tricky, trying to get everyone together at the same time proved impossible, so we had to record across five different sessions in the end, but because the cast know each other so well, and with Robert Young (who was behind the camera for some of the most memorable episodes of the original show) returning to direct, it all fell into place. I think each of the sessions showed just how good the cast were and how much fun they had and still have when they’re together.

In post production we had to sound match all the different takes from different sessions and in one memorable scene, Ray (Winstone), Clive (Mantle) and Mark (Ryan) were all recorded separately and then mixed together later, but their knowledge of how they would react to each other in a scene went a long way to helping that process, plus Barnaby was in a little booth reading in all the other lines and doing a really good job of giving them something to bounce off of. All in all, it was a cracking thing to be a part of.

The funding campaign for Knights was very successful, for what was initially a one-off tribute to Richard Carpenter. How did the response to the campaign feel for the team putting it together?

The crowdfunding just flew and I think it’s fair to say that there was perhaps a little surprise at just how quickly the initial budget was met, but in a good way. The team always held a belief that the fans would respond but talking to Barney about this, 24 hours was just one of those jaw dropping moments.

Reviews for Knights were all very positive. Were there plans for following up before its release and if not when did the idea come about?

I think that Barney and I probably thought that there was potential for more when we were in pre-production, and so we tentatively set about asking ITV if it was possible, but at that time, supportive as they were of the production, especially as it was for charity, it was really a one off they said. As we were going along and more and more people started to ask about the possibility of more, we really had to play that down because we didn’t want to get anyone all fired up for nothing. After the release though, it became apparent that there really was quite the appetite and I have to say that after a bit more conversation ITV became incredibly receptive and really are the loveliest people to work with.

With the new series being original, there are challenges honouring the original show and taking it forward in a new medium.  How are the team focussing on doing that?

Richard gave us a wonderful world to inhabit with brilliantly rounded characters, some of whom still have room to grow because of the nature of their age and experiences within the context of the show, and I think as long as you remain true to that in the sense of both paying attention to the historical foundations and then the fantasy elements that he brought to the mix, it’s easier to produce something that fits the style of the original. The writers are people who are fans but not so blinkered that they lose sight that you need to be able to take a step back and remember that you have to write for everyone. You also have to write for audio and although that sounds like common sense, because it was such a visual show, you have to think how elements, especially the more fantastical, can be transferred to that medium.

You’ve got Jason (Connery) and Michael (Praed) involved and other cast members too.  How are they all feeling about getting back to Robin of Sherwood and creating something new?

Well the cast are just brilliant because they were all up for doing more, I think Judi (Trott) even asked at the Hooded Man convention that Barnaby runs, if there would be more; of course at the time, we couldn’t say if there would be, but it was clear that there was a desire to be a part of further adventures if it were possible. The only barrier is the fact that as they are all hugely successful and have gone on to do various things, in and out of acting, it’s scheduling that can sometimes hold things up, but we usually find a way of making things work.

Your production relies on the support of fans to be as expansive and fully realised as possible, how can they get involved in supporting it?

The fans are crucial because their support means that the production goes ahead and at the moment, pre-orders are open at https://spitefulpuppet.com/shopp.php

What are the hopes for Spiteful Puppet going forward with Robin of Sherwood, in respect of further series or spin-offs?

After this initial set of new adventures, if it proves to be a success, there are so many possibilities; of course, there are some loose ends that Richard never got round to tying up, and the potential for a big arc to take that through to its logical conclusion. One question many have asked is what happens after the end of The Knights of the Apocalypse? The great temptation is to run away with yourself and for the moment, we’re just focussed on this new box set and offering people more adventures with old friends, but all the possibilities are there on the horizon!

James DeMonaco | THE PURGE: ELECTION YEAR

Having penned the Robin Williams-starring Jack, the Samuel L. Jackson and Kevin Spacey-headlined The Negotiator, the Assault on Precinct 13 remake, and then popped his feature-film directorial cherry with Little New York, James DeMonaco shot to prominence with 2013’s The Purge. With a fantastic, intriguing, thought-provoking concept – for one night a year all crime is legal – the movie proved to be a hit, in turn spawning two sequels. With the latest sequel, The Purge: Election Year, now available for digital download and soon to be released on Blu-ray and DVD, we caught up with the fascinating writer/director to discuss the franchise, the social commentary involved in the series, the worrying modern trends involving violence and guns in the United States, how some people have taken the films in the wrong way, and a whole host more.

STARBURST: The actual concept of The Purge is one of the most unique to come along in years, but where exactly did you get the initial idea for the franchise from?

James DeMonaco: I think the idea came about two-pronged. I was kind of obsessed. Growing up in Brooklyn, New York, you’re around violence a lot. I was always obsessed with America’s nature, the relationship with violence. I became especially obsessed with it when I was living in Paris for a while, and I saw that Parisians had a very different relationship with guns and violence than I saw with my American compatriots. Part of it is the everyday life, the way they speak of it, the fear of it, the way that no one had guns that I knew in Paris – everyone I knew in America had a gun. So everything was different, and I became a little obsessed with that. I came back from that project – I was posting a film there – and my wife said something in a road rage incident. My wife’s a very nice person, she’s a good person, she helps people, but she said something very nasty after this terrible road rage incident where we were almost killed by a drunk driver. She said, “I wish we all had one free one a year,” meaning one free murder, one legal murder. And it stayed with me for years, the concept of legalized murder. I coupled that with my obsession with America’s relationship with guns and violence, and I developed this new holiday that I thought could be some interesting metaphor for America’s relationship to guns, violence, etc.

We can only comment from a British point of view, but the general consensus is that when you see the films you think that things are very messed up. Not to get too political or too heavy, but with guns being so commonplace in the United States, what’s the reaction to the series been like over there? Have there been some quarters championing the idea and maybe losing the point a little bit?

Oh my God, yeah man. Totally. It’s always been my little worry – the misconception or misinterpreting what the films means – and you do have that. There are people who watch the film and you hear them saying, “I wish I could purge!” And that’s not the point of the film at all. But then you have people getting it completely and what’s behind it. The hardest part of the process is how it can be misinterpreted, but it happens, man, it definitely happens. I guess I have to distance myself at some point – I can’t predict how people interpret the film – but it definitely happens. Listen, we preview the films with an audience – it’s a studio film, so there’s a lot of previews – and within that we actually toned some stuff down to hopefully direct, as best we can, a moralistic point of view within the film. But sometimes you do hear things that are very, very disconcerting.

As the franchise progresses, especially in the third film, Purge Night can be used for revenge and vengeance, but you’ve also spun it so that it can be used to try and make things right, or you show that not everybody’s out to get their free hits. For you, how important was it to show the other side of it in Election Year? You have people driving round with medical vans, trying to help people…

Yes, that was a huge part of doing the third film. They’re all morality tales; the first one, Ethan Hawke’s character makes money off The Purge, but ultimately he gets his comeuppance and learns his lesson; the second one, the lead character is out there to purge but he doesn’t purge, he learns his lesson from these two women on the journey; and the third one, I wanted to make it even more clear – like you said, creating a safe zone, an anti-Purge, saving lives. Even the Senator at the end, Elizabeth Mitchell’s character, wants to save the bad guy’s life, saying that we can’t win the election through murder and assassination. So the idea was always to end all three films with saving lives, not taking lives. Again, some people don’t see that, and I get upset, obviously. We put it in there and hope people get it, and a lot of people do. With the preview audiences, it was very nice that you get a lot of people getting it, so I guess it’s split 50/50.

You mentioned how the second film was about Frank Grillo’s character being out for revenge, hunting down the guy who had wrong him. At the end, he doesn’t and the film goes the other way. How important was it to bring Frank back for the third film, and was it always the plan to bring him back and tell the story that you told with Election Year, or did you consider other routes and options for the third movie?

It’s very interesting, dude. I’ll be completely honest, and I don’t think Frank will be upset. I became very friendly with Frank, the working relationship was wonderful, the reception to his character was so huge, not only in test audiences but even when the movie finally came out – people just loved him, he got great reviews, the audience loved him, the studio loved him, I loved him. I was fashioning Election Year, and we all said… I remember speaking to the head of the studio and she said, “We just have to bring Frank back.” I always said I wanted to tell independent stories, I don’t wanna be bound like many sequels are where you have to bring people back and tell that story. And the truth is, if you analyze Part Three, you can tell that story, and again I don’t think Frank would be upset, you could tell that story without Frank’s character being there; you could have another bodyguard for the Senator. But he was game to say, “It doesn’t just have to be about me, it can be about something else, I’m along for the ride.” So it was kinda interesting, and it wasn’t a direct continuation, but I think it worked.

As you move along through the three films, by the third film the death that you see everywhere is just everyday and the norm; there’s no big deal made about it, just carnage everywhere, bodies on fire. Was that a point you wanted to purposely drive home, that this has just become commonplace now?

Yeah, that’s from my own sad realisation. It’s amazing in America now, I’ll wake up every day, I look at New York, I check out the news. I think there was a shooting yesterday , and I say “think” because there’s so many. It literally becomes commonplace. There was another shooting, I think this one was in… I can’t even say, which is the sad truth, but I think it was in South Carolina, a high school, and three people were shot. And you actually start to become numb to it. You pray that your little bubble won’t get affected. I hate to say it, but there’s a great deal of apathy that sets in. That was kind of the metaphor for that, that we wake up every day and it’s amazing how one shooting will replace the last one. You know, Orlando happens, and then two weeks later there’s another shooting, then another one, then you forget the previous one, and then there’s more bodies in the street. It’s scary! So that was the metaphor, and I’m happy you picked up on that because many people don’t, they just think it’s a part of the night, but it’s more that the night is becoming commonplace in the news now. It’s amazing how we move on past these things so quickly, especially the Sandy Hook one. I think that was the one that I was always amazed at how quickly we got past the Sandy Hook one with all the kindergarten class. And we do. I guess it’s human nature to survive and move on, but without making any kind of changes – which I think is the most shocking part of it, how we take it and we don’t force change, but I don’t wanna get in to my politics…

When you first put the very nugget of the idea together for the concept of The Purge, the very first film, did you imagine that it would have enough legs for one sequel, let alone two, and did you conceive it becoming a franchise?

No, man, not really, dude. The first one was so crazy the way it happened. I guess in the middle of the first one I did know. I knew we were so confined by that story, but I had this feeling that the audience… if I was in the audience, I would really want to know what was happening on the streets of America. So I knew the second one would kind of be this Warriors-like tale where people had to cross the city like the Warriors have to cross Manhattan to get back to Coney Island. So I always knew Two would be this journey across the city, but Three? Three I didn’t know until the end of Two. I think I was editing Two when it hit me that if we ever get the chance to do Three, if we had success with the second one, I thought it would be interesting to get to the heart of the matter and meet the people who created The Purge, and start playing a little more of a political angle with the whole thing, do more of a political conspiracy like the ‘70s. So everything came at the end, I never saw the whole package early, but I think within each one I started seeing the next one.

In hindsight, now that all three are in the books, is there a particular one that stands out to you as personal favourite?

I think Part Two. I think a month ago I would’ve said Election Year, but I think there’s something in the character arc of Frank Grillo’s character in Part Two, how he discovers humanity throughout the film. Again, not to be a pretentious writer and director, but he’s gone numb to the world because of the loss of his son, and it’s his kind of awakening through this mother and daughter that brings out life again in him, and he saves a life at the end and doesn’t kill. I like that, I think that comes out nicely. So I think out of all the three, that’s the best whole story and the best whole character arc. But I love Joey’s journey in Part Three, the Mykelti Williamson character, the owner of the deli, I like his journey in Part Three, but I’d have to go with Part Two.

By the time the third movie comes to a close, the whole endgame of it is that Purge Night is done, the Senator who is now President has taken that all away, The Purge is gone, but then you see the hint and tease of uprising at that decision. For you, is the franchise done or would you like to explore it a little further?

In all honesty, truth be told, they want to do Part 4, they wanna do a TV show. They’ve asked me to come and be involved, obviously. I don’t think I’m gonna direct. To me, the best place to go with Part 4, and if they allow me, what I’d like to explore even without directing, just potentially writing or just producing, would be going back and seeing how it all started. I’ve written a lot about that in the early stages, I’ve wrote about how it all started. I think it would be great, instead of continuing forward, it would be nice to go back and see the inception, to see the first Purge. I think it would be cool to go there. That’s where I would like to go. They haven’t said okay to that, but that will be my pitch to them.

Maybe exploring how The Purge came about, what caused people to make the decision to introduce the concept, to see the early days of it, that could be something great told out over a six-part mini-series or a full season of TV…

No, you’re right. You’re totally right. I think what TV would allow, it would allow us to explore. I would do a flashback structure potentially to see why people commit crimes on these evenings. If you go into the personal tales of vengeance, it might be something interesting to do if you’re exploring that in a very in-depth way that you can’t do in a two-hour film. But you can do that in a ten-part TV show, you can go back in time a little and see the seeds of hatred or anger between a husband and a wife who are maybe going to turn against each other on Purge Night. It’s the actual details of a relationship that we could never really do in a film as a film is more the events of the evening. I think that would allow for us to explore, to explore the seeds of all that.

A narrative season with flashbacks would be great, but do you think that you could maybe make it work as an anthology sort of series where each episode focusses on a certain person’s experience with The Purge? And how comfortable would you be with somebody else having control of your baby?

I’ll be very uncomfortable, if I’m completely honest. But I like your idea. Your idea is actually not dissimilar to what I was saying about TV to the studio. I might interweave them instead of doing separate episodes, but I would follow six or seven people, flashing back and showing how they got to this point of wanting to purge or being purged upon. It’s a tough thing. I have a lot of other stories that I want to tell, so I think I have to force myself to be comfortable and to allow someone else the freedom that they allowed me to go and do this. I wouldn’t want to be one of those producers. If I do write it then I’d want to just hand it over and let them take it over from there. Hopefully I can find someone we trust, but I imagine I’ll be very ill-at-ease at the first handing over of the reigns. But I guess it’s inevitable – I have to move on at some point.

The Purge: Election Year is available on digital download from 12th December 2016, and is coming to Blu-ray and DVD on 26th December 2016, from Universal Pictures Home Entertainment.

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Sam Barnett & Arvind Ethan David | DIRK GENTLY’S HOLISTIC DETECTIVE AGENCY

We’re the guardians of Britishness on the show,” explains Sam Barnett – the actor bringing Dirk Gently to life in the latest adaptation of Douglas Adams’ eccentric holistic detective.

We are sitting with him and Executive Producer Arvind Ethan David on a brisk December afternoon. The pair are key parts of the team bringing the latest adaptation to screen. The show sees Dirk embark on a new adventure across the pond, struggling with a typically impossible murder mystery.

I think Dirk is such a strong character that he brings his own veery British perspective to things. Even when something is very American you always have Dirk’s view on it,” adds Arvind.

Yes,” interjects Sam. “Dirk is very quintessentially a Brit. A very quirky Brit.

 

The show is also populated with British influences, from a British star and producer through to British cinematographer John Pardue. A collaboration between BBC America and Netflix the new eight-part series will be hitting screens in the UK on December 11th. The series is written by popular screenwriter Max Landis (Victor Frankenstein, Chronicle, Mr Right, and DC comic book series Superman: American Alien). And is set in Seattle with a very recognisable cast including Hannah Marks (The Amazing Spider-Man), Richard Schiff (West Wing, House of Lies) and Elijah Wood (Lord of the Rings, Wilfred).

In the first episode, we find Dirk busy on a case (fans of the books will know that in Douglas Adams’ unfinished novel – The Salmon of Doubt – Dirk receives a call from a wealthy client in the States) working alongside the luckless Todd (Elijah Wood) on a weird and paranormal mystery which fans of Douglas Adams will be hooked by. His client is typically (for Dirk) dead.

We’re not exactly doing a new spin on Dirk Gently,” explains Sam sipping an espresso having graciously offered us his peppermint tea.

If you’re going to do Dirk Gently’s holistic detective agency, even if you’re going to set it in America and not follow the plotlines of the original books, you have to keep Dirk because he’s such a uniquely brilliant character.

 

While the story is new and the pop culture references are Millennial-friendly, Sam’s expressive acting overcomes any physical differences he may have from the pudgy Dirk from Adams’ pages.

I wanted to be true to the character in the book. I know physically I am very different” explains Sam while Arvind assures him that pizza will be on the menu a lot before they start filming Season Two. “I know the way that Dirk thinks, the way that Dirk speaks, even his own description of how holistic detection works – that’s all in Max’s script somewhere pretty much word-for-word because it is perfect. Max has really kept the spirit of the character true to the book.

He’s a strong enough character and in the great British tradition of the amateur eccentric that you can have different actors play him, different takes on him,” says Arvind. “I mean Sherlock is always Sherlock, Bond is always Bond. I think you can have different actors embody him differently physically but all be true to the essence.

Arvind and Sam are clearly fans of the books. The series is made with love and the sort of attention to detail that can only come from true fans. Arvind has also previously adapted Dirk for the stage and was credited by Adams himself with ‘fixing the plot’.

The thing we said from the start as that we were not going to try and adapt the plots from the books. Douglas (Adams) genius is about his ideas, it’s about his characters, his words, and his language. It is not necessarily about his plots. His plots, he would freely admit, would occur to him about 150 words into writing,” Arvind tells us.

 

I got hold of everything I could to prepare for this role,” explains Sam. “I got hold of the play, I listened to both seasons of the Radio 4 serial, I watched the Stephen Mangen version, I read the books, I read the comics. I got hold of everything I could to see what they all had in common. If there was a common thread I wanted to pick up the thread in the tradition of these versions. All of them work, that’s what is great about it.

Pausing a moment to reflect Arvind explains that everything he and the team have done to adapt the series has involved respect and affection for Douglas Adams work. “The books are now 30 years old,” he adds “I feel if Douglas were the age he was when he wrote them today, he would write the Millennial Dirk. He was always ahead of his time. To literally adapt the books – let’s be clear the plot of the first book is impossible without physical answerphones. You need answer phones and answer tapes for the first book to work.

It feels to me very Douglas Adams, the world feels to me very Douglas Adams. If he were alive today I feel as though this would be the next set of adventures he would write. I feel as though Max has got his voice,” adds Sam. “There’s also plenty through the season for fans of the books. There are loads of Easter eggs.

Fans, be prepared to go on a roller-coaster of the weird and wonderful.

Dirk Gently’s Holistic Detective Agency is available on Netflix from Sunday, December 11th.

M.E. Vaughan | THE SONS OF THESTIAN

Author M. E. Vaughan has recently released the second edition of her debut novel, The Sons of Thestian, which is a Young Adult fantasy that focuses on a prince fleeing from his kingdom, and the friend that is sent to retrieve him. STARBURST spoke with M.E. Vaughan to learn a little about the book…

STARBURST: What was it like to return to The Sons of Thestian for the second edition?

M. E. Vaughan: I think, if I’m honest, I never really left it. I don’t think a writer ever really sees their work as finished, and given half a chance, we would keep fiddling with it forever. As I got into Blood of the DelphiThe Sons of Thestian weighed on my mind a great deal. I actually started the 2nd Edition quite soon after the book was released, and worked on it along-side Blood of the Delphi. It was interesting to work on them together. Going back to The Sons of Thestian felt like returning to the roots – the foundation. It was tricky at times, but pleasant. I was more equipped to deal with the story that I had been when I wrote it.

My time with the characters in Blood of the Delphi meant I had really established a strong relationship with them. It was also a little heart-breaking going back! At the start of the book, they’re all still so fresh-faced with no ideas of the horrors to come. I had to adjust my writing to allow for that innocence to peak through. That innocence is gone in book two.

You’ve said before that you haven’t changed anything in terms of the plot, and that readers of the first edition won’t need to read the second in order to appreciate the sequel (Blood of the Delphi). Were there moments that you felt the urge to retcon any aspects of The Sons of Thestian for the second edition?

Not particularly. I was content with the story itself – it was the execution that I wanted to improve. I think of the second edition as a sort of house renovation. The walls are repainted, the gutters are cleaned out, the electronics are updated, but the house is the same. I never wanted to change anything about the plot – it did what it had to. But I felt there were ways to improve the reading experience – to make the descriptions cleaner, the dialogue more singular to each character, and the themes and elements of the overarching plot more prominent. There were parts of the book which were murky, because when I first wrote it, I was going in a little blind. Now, the book is an even stronger foundation for the series, and with the work of my excellent editors I think people are really going to appreciate the new edition.

When it comes to your characters, do you have a favourite, or favourites?

I always dread this question! I love my characters a great deal—they all incite something in me which compels me to write them. Some, however, are easier to write than others. For example, Aeron – who readers will meet in Blood of the Delphi – is great fun to write because of the ludicrous way he talks, which is almost entirely in Lemra’n slang. However, subsequently, his passages always take a long time to write, simply because it’s so difficult.  
Ultimately, I have to admit that my two favourites are probably Rufus and Zachary. Zachary in particular is a character whose skin I love to slip into. Writing from his point of view is always enjoyable, because he’s complex and troubled, and desperately trying to pretend to be something he’s not. There are a lot of layers to him, and so he always surprises me. Rufus, similarly is very close to my heart – I suppose I just love writing secretive characters. It helps that they’re all sarky buggers!

Personally, I’ve always liked Zachary because he is clearly a character struggling with the idea of who he wants to be versus the person he feels he needs to be. Was it hard to get this balance right, and did you ever worry about revealing too much too soon?

Zachary took a long time opening up to me about who he was. In the first draft of The Sons of Thestian, he was a villain in every sense of the word. It was hard to see what compelled him to do what he did, other than the sheer delight of being cruel. And because of that, it was hard to see what compelled the others (Marcel and Emeric) to stay with him. I knew there had to be a good reason behind it all, but Zachary played his cards close to his chest, and I didn’t really get to know him until I started writing Blood of the Delphi. Here, Zachary’s true character had a chance to shine through.

Zachary is driven by a sense of duty, love and guilt. He doesn’t see himself as a good man, so he doesn’t portray himself as one either. To make up for his mistakes, he decided to be the villain of the story, because he thinks that’s what’s required of him for the great good. In his heart though, he’s not a villain – actually, he demonstrates quite moral, idealistic views, and sees the world in very black and white terms. People are either good, or bad, and he’s decided he’ll be bad, so that others can stay good. As such you have this heavy contrast between what Zachary does, and what he says. In almost every scene, he threatens someone. And yet, in every scene he demonstrates an innate kindness that contrasts heavily with the picture he is trying to paint of himself. These acts of kindness are unconscious to him – he wants people to see him as a monster, so when he does kind things, he’s not motivated by anything other than his own goodness.

Uncovering all of this in Blood of the Delphi meant I had to go back and include more elements of this struggle in The Sons of Thestian. I actually feel like I sort of fought Zachary over it – trying to get him to demonstrate his good side in The Sons of Thestian was tricky, because that’s when Zachary is at the height of his villainy. He’s in so deep, even his friends are started to think it’s all gone too far -Zachary has definitely done some very nasty things at this point, and seems willing to do more. With regards to whether managed to get the balance right and not reveal too much, I think I succeeded. Zachary needed to be villain of The Sons of Thestian, and he fulfils that role, whilst still being recognised as a complex character, driven by more than just hate. Readers of the series, however, will get to enjoy seeing how that changes in the next book. What happens when the things that motivate Zachary no longer call for him to be a villain, but a hero instead?

Another character we would like to ask you about is Sverrin. The Sons of Thestian takes place after his death, and he casts a large shadow over the events and characters of the book, yet our picture of him is entirely based on the memories of other characters. What was it like to write a character in this way, do you think Sverrin would have come across differently if he had been allowed a chapter from his own point of view?

One of the big themes of The Sons of Thestian, and The Harmatia Cycle in general, is about Death, and how we treat and react to it. Sverrin is remembered and brought to the reader’s attention through the eyes of Jionathan and Zachary, two characters who loved him very much. As such, he’s idolised—we see him as the characters want to remember him. People in mourning do not tend to dwell on the negatives of the deceased. I tried to balance this out, by having instances where the reader can see and judge Sverrin’s actions for themselves. Jionathan won’t speak against Sverrin, but memories prove that he was a little bit bossy, and somewhat arrogant. Ultimately, however, Sverrin is remembered with fondness for a good reason, and I think had the readers had a chance to properly meet him, they would have liked him too.

If you had to write a new point of view chapter in The Sons of Thestian for a character who didn’t get one, which character would you choose, and why?

Oh, that’s a tough one. I’m really not sure, but I wonder how people would have reacted to seeing things from Reign’s point of view. Reign is hated, or disliked by all of the character’s whose perspective we see from, so her fate is a little sealed! I wonder how the readers would feel about her, if they got to see it all from her point of view, or from the point of view of someone who loved her.

You’ve mentioned before that your choice to include a wedding between two women in a fantasy setting was questioned. In your experience is there a lot of resistance to having LGBTQ characters, and relationships in fantasy books, and settings?

Resistance is a strong word. It’s more about going against the traditional grain. Most people – at least, I like to think – aren’t opposed to seeing representation in books, they just aren’t used to it. We’ve come up with reasons to justify and explain why we don’t have representation—things like ‘it’s not historically accurate’, or ‘it’s not relevant to the story’. These things are born from generations of suppression and the governing of a particular ruling body in the media.

LGBTQ+ representation first started to really appear in adult TV – you would have girls making out with each other, or gritty stories about drugs and the ‘gay lifestyle’. These branded LGBTQ+ stories with certain negative conations – perversion, drugs, depravity… So when LGBTQ+ characters started to appear in other fiction, some people didn’t know what to think. All they’d ever seen of that kind of representation had been coupled with something dark. Even now, very often, an LGBTQ+ character’s journey will usually centre around them ‘coming out’, and how hard it is. They have to battle against discrimination, depression, lack of acceptance from their family, just to be accepted for who they are. And then, more often than not, they die at the end.

And whilst it’s OK to have stories about that, which look at the prejudiced, dangerous side of our society, it a little depressing if that’s all we get. You have to ask yourself – what am I telling my LGBTQ+ readers when I define a character’s entire life and journey on their sexuality and gender identity, and all I do is make them suffer for it.

I wanted to do something different. I didn’t just want to have walking, talking sexualities -I wanted well-rounded characters with their own agency and stories who represented the diversity of the people around me. Now, one of the future character’s in The Harmatia Cycle will have plot line about ‘coming out’, but that won’t be the pinnacle of their story, just a part of it. I mean – it’s an epic fantasy series about revolution, magic and war… There’s lots of stuff to be done!

Jionathan’s initial reaction to seeing two women marry is one of confusion. Was there a reason behind that and did you have any worries about writing it?

Yes. I wanted to address homophobia in its different forms. There are three human countries in Mag Mell – Kathra, Harmatia and Bethean, and each have a different viewpoint on sexual equality. In Kathra, same-sex relations are illegal. It’s a country whose laws reflect a lot of places in our society, where being gay could get you arrested or even killed.

Harmatia doesn’t have any laws on homosexuality, but similarly doesn’t talk about it either. It has a ‘Do it, but don’t talk about it’ sort of policy, which is again familiar to many of us. Some people think that is progressive, but because of the lack of dialogue it causes unconscious prejudices that affect people in different ways.

Jionathan, born and raised in the Harmatia, is homophobic at the beginning of the book. This is not because he’s a bad person, but because he had never seen or discussed homosexuality before. As far as he’s concerned, it isn’t a real thing, because he only has his own experiences to base this on. When confronted with it at the wedding however, he is forced to reanalyse his prejudice for the first time. In the end, he proves to be reasonable and open-minded about it, even recognising and accepting Rufus’s sexuality, which he was blind to before.

The wedding in question takes place in a land foreign to most of the main cast. What was it like creating a fleshed out world (instead of a single kingdom)

It was tough, at times! There were a lot of things to remember and to establish, and I had to do it in a way that (hopefully!) wouldn’t overwhelm the readers.

I think my own nomadic upbringing informed my decision to expand the world and have more than one kingdom, but the plot also really demanded it. I needed Harmatia to be in a certain, volatile state – a volcano on the cusp of eruption, and I also needed Jionathan to escape to a place that was totally contrasting. A place that would challenge his views, and make him see things differently, and encounter people who were unlike those he was used to. As such, it made sense to send him to a different country – somewhere where he could breathe and figure himself out a little.

Creating different kingdoms was fun. I drew on a lot of my experiences and even got to examine the good and the bad that comes with different politics and political structures. Each country has its own issues to contend with, and that’s just the way the world is. I guess what I was trying to say, when I created them all, is that no place is really perfect – and even the ones that look perfect, like Bethean, often have undercurrents that prove they aren’t.

The book serves as a coming of age tale of Jionathan, and we see him grow over the course of the book. In your mind what was the most important aspect of that growth?

Jionathan is seventeen during the first book. He’s been put in a difficult position, where he’s suddenly been named heir to the crown after the death of his elder brother. Despite this, he is treated as a prisoner in his home, and has strong reason to believe that the Queen wants to kill him.

Jionathan lacks courage when it comes to his ruling ability. He doesn’t see himself as capable of leading the kingdom. He’s ashamed of his fear, and feels isolated and alone from everyone around him. The biggest part of his growth then, in the book, isn’t about overcoming the fear, but rather learning to face it. He finds something stronger, a resolution which he lacked, and that is the linchpin that ties the whole series together.

To end with, if you could say one thing to any of your characters, whom would you speak to, and what would you say?

I think a lot of my characters could do with a firm telling off, and then a cuddle. The temptation, of course, would be to have a conversation with Rufus about electronics, and watch him change the world, but I think if I really got the chance to talk to any of them, it would Zachary. I’d have a long conversation with him and tell him some things which he probably should have heard when he was a child. Who knows what could have happened if someone had given him that talk before The Sons of Thestian… The whole story might have ended up very differently. 

The second edition The Sons of Thestian is available from Mag Mell Publishing now.

Alexandre Poncet | Creature Designers: The Frankenstein Complex

Following their acclaimed 2012 collaboration, Ray Harryhausen: Special Effects Titan, French journalists-turned-filmmakers Alexandre Poncet and Gilles Penso have returned with Creature Designers: The Frankenstein Complex, a revealing portrait of cinema’s landmark creature creators. STARBURST spoke to Alexandre to find out about the process of documenting the true ‘rock stars’ of practical visual effects.

STARBURST: How did this second special effects feature documentary come about?

Alexandre Poncet: In March 2013, while Gilles was busy with another documentary about Marvel heroes for the Disney channel, I went to the States to promote our first film Special Effects Titan. I visited many studios to screen the film including ILM, Tippett Studio and Pixar and everywhere I went I saw things happening. At that time it was the middle of the VFX crisis; Life of Pi had won the Oscar but many guys in the industry had lost their jobs because of how visual effects are sold in Hollywood. I wanted to gather interviews and to ask the same questions to everyone as the basis for a new documentary. I interviewed many of the biggest names in VFX but we needed an angle. Because the VFX crisis was still ongoing we didn’t have an ending but they all did have something in common in that they were all creature makers! Harryhausen was the king of the creature makers and it was obvious that this subject would make for a sequel.

The name The Frankenstein Complex is very appropriate – these men are very connected to their creations

It’s funny because some reviews have talked about how these creators are all men. We do address that issue in the film where it is said that creating drawing something and giving life to it is a way of giving birth for a man and that’s one of the themes of the film – they do give birth to some kind of deformed versions of themselves. When you see Yoda, it’s Stuart Freeborn’s caricature of himself!  All these artists are obsessed in a way and they have a certain style that carries through to their creations. When you see Phil Tippett’s early drawings – and we had access to his personal archive – you have a lot of creatures that have two huge legs and almost no arms. You see that same look from the Tauntaun to ED-209 which was actually not designed by him but he added something which gave it his own ‘character’.

As well as talking to them, you put these famous men to work to demonstrate their techniques. How important was this element for the movie?

It was essential! We have some never-before-seen footage and we wanted to see the original models and sculptures out of the films, presenting them as works of art. When you see the original stop motion puppet of ED-209 (from Robocop) it’s incredible. We asked Phil Tippett if he would agree to animate it for us and he said yeah, no problem. It was a real experience – I was pressing the camera to take pictures so you can understand that I was trembling, staring down the lens at ED-209! At one point Phil stopped and said “now, what must you do?!” 

How do you feel about modern digital effects?

I love CGI when it’s done well and wisely and when there is no other way to do it. People always say Avatar is all CGI – no it’s not!  The big helicopter, for example, is a full-scale prop with a huge crane holding it and there are some very big miniature sets. James Cameron is wise enough to use practical when he needs to and CGI when he needs to but some producers don’t ask themselves that question. You have to understand the CGI is a medium the favours producers because it’s done after the shoot. Practical effects are done during the shoot so it’s a director’s medium which means it’s down to the director to ask that question.

The movie talks about a number of films that are excellent mixes of practical effect and CGI. It was fascinating to see how much of Jurassic Park was actually practical effects puppets and guys in suits!

I am very fond of the little moment in our film where (Effects Supervisor and puppeteer) John Rosengrant says that he was in that Raptor suit – the one that screams in the kitchen. That’s a very candid moment; it’s moving to see this grown-up man who works in the industry just remembering that he was playing a dinosaur!

It was great to see some discussion of Starship Troopers in your film…

In the first cut, we did have a very long chapter about Starship Troopers because Phil Tippett gave us 16 hours of never-before-seen behind the scenes footage but we decided to cut a lot because we wanted a clear narrative structure rather than a succession of different ‘making of features’. But we’ve decided to make a separate documentary about Starship Troopers! We have started on it already, it’s going to be for the 20th anniversary of the film in 2017. We want it to be not only a movie about the special effects but the prophecy Starship Troopers, which is very important to talk about these days…

How easy was to get the studios to allow you to use some of the rare behind the scene or unused VFX material we see?

I worked to nine months with all the big studios to clear everything – not only the clips but all the creatures are you see in the film have been cleared. They were really good to us and they were very interested in the project overall. But I didn’t want the film to be ‘everything is fine the world is a happy place’; we have stories in the film that are a little subversive

Indeed, you talk about Yoda in the Star Wars prequels and you probably come as close as we’ve seen to getting insiders from Lucasfilm to almost admit that maybe it didn’t quite work out as well as it could have done…

Yeah, that came from Dennis Muren who is a key member of ILM and Lucasfilm. We didn’t try to make him say that. He says that they felt the CGI Yoda fight was a little silly but in the end, George Lucas saw something in it that the younger audience loved. And actually, he’s right. My eight-year-old son just saw Star Wars Episode II and loved the Yoda fight and talked about for days afterwards so I have to admit that it is not for us older fans but for a different audience.

You interview Kevin Smith and he makes the point that a lot of the practical effects guys from the 1980s were kind of like rock stars. The most ‘rock’ one of all was Rob Bottin but he’s conspicuously absent from your film. Did you try and track him down?

Thanks for asking, every review talks about Ron Bottin! In the beginning, we wondered if we needed Bottin in the film or not and in the end, after two years of production, we decided not to try to track him down. I think it’s better for the film. We wanted him to be a shadow, a ghost, the practical effects legend who has disappeared. Everyone talks about him but he’s not there anymore. He left the industry, he was pissed off by the projects he was being offered – he didn’t want to be putting on fake noses, he wanted to be doing movies like Total Recall and Robocop but there were no more projects like that so he disappeared. In the end, we feel it’s a statement that he’s not in the film. John Landis told us that Rob would love that we make him this mysterious figure in the film!

Would you ever consider a documentary solely about CGI creators?

That’s a good question. The problem with CGI is not that you lack artists but that it is a producer’s medium, as I said earlier, so CGI artists are not so well known. Nowadays people think CGI is easy but it’s terribly difficult to do well.  If you go the easy way, CGI will look terrible. At places like Weta and ILM there are hundreds and hundreds of real artists in CGI but it’s is difficult to pick one the audience will relate to. It goes back to what Kevin Smith said; there are no VFX rock stars now like there used to be. The guys we speak to were like magicians, and everyone loves magicians.

Creature Designers: The Frankenstein Complex is out now on DVD and is reviewed here.

Cixin Liu | THE THREE-BODY PROBLEM

Cixin Liu is a world renowned writer of hard science fiction from China. He is a recent Hugo Award winner and nine-time winner of China’s most prestigious literary science fiction award, the Galaxy Award. In the UK, he is best known for his book, The Three-Body Problem. The film adaptation is currently underway. STARBURST caught up with him to learn more.

STARBURST: How would you describe your books to an elderly grandmother?

Cixin Liu: A group of invaders came from a nearby star, and this is the story of how humans fought against them.

How would you describe it to a non-science fiction fan?

The fundamental difference between humans and animals is that humans have imagination, so why not read something that makes the most of this? Science fiction involves thinking about things that don’t exist so it enables you to explore your imagination.

How is the movie going?

The ThreeBody Problem is in the process of being made into a film in China. It’s in post-production and the CGI is being added now, so it is happening.

There are two different problems this book faces when it comes to creating it in a new medium; one is the sheer complexity of the novel and bringing that to the screen. The second issue is the relative lack of experience of the Chinese science fiction industry in making sci-fi films. But I have been involved in the whole production including scripting. The imagination is coming to life.

Why science fiction? What’s the fascination?

I grew up reading sci-fi works; Jules Verne author of 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea, and Journey to the Centre of the Earth had a major influence on me. I believe science fiction extends your life by allowing you to use your imagination. It catapults you into things you would never experience in real life. It’s interesting to construct a whole world with your imagination, especially using the principles of science.

Your work was already a hit in China, then years later was a hit with English speaking audiences. What is it like to become an overnight sensation twice?

I started writing as a fan, for the reason of wanting to share my thoughts with like-minded people. It was totally unexpected. So I face all these phenomena, but down to the core I am just a fan, so I am quite surprised. I live in a small town in China away from big cities, so I am not disturbed by fame. It is quite rare that I go on author tours or to events.

How did you respond to the Hugo Award?

Awards are held in high regard by science fiction fans. If I have to choose which to win, I would pick winning a Hugo Award over even the Nobel Prize. I am delighted. It makes me so happy to have won it because it is the award my fans care about. I am facing these things with an ordinary mind, though. I am sharing my works with no purpose other than to share them. I see winning the Hugo Award as a starting point of my writing career, not the end destination.

Will China ever host a Worldcon? Why do you think that it hasn’t done so already?

China did apply for it. A very low number of votes came in, though, so it didn’t happen. There were two occasions where there were science fiction conferences – not Worldcon, but others ­– so we have had some experience of this type of event. I am optimistic that it will happen someday.

What was mankind’s greatest innovation?

In ancient times, tools and fire were the important inventions. Nowadays, there are three things: computer technology, rocket science (space) and nuclear power including fission and fusion. Right now, only IT is a dominant element of modern life, whilst the others are in the infant stage. They will play a greater role in the future pushing us forward. The greatest thing about innovation is that people can imagine things that don’t exist, and this is the foundation of our civilisation, and of science. So I also want to say imagination.

Why have we not encountered alien civilisations?

There could be a few possibilities. Firstly, the technology is not there yet. Or there are a lot of aliens, but they do not communicate through electromagnetic waves. They could be communicating in different ways, out of reach to us. In Guizhou Province, they have built a device and you can hear electromagnetic waves, even small ones. They could increase the chances of us hearing alien responses. The sensitivity is ten times higher than that of the United States model. But it’s only for receiving, not sending out signals.

The second possibility is that we are the sole civilization in the universe. Or one of very few. That would be shocking. This would be because life has a super-low probability. It’s like if you have a ton of metal scraps and a hurricane comes through, picks them up and turns them into a Mercedes-Benz. The probability is super low. This is human life.

Another theory is one I explored in The Dark Forest is alien species try to suppress life and kill their young. This could be a reason.

What writers have been the greatest influence on your work?

Arthur C. Clarke, who lived in Sri Lanka for most of his life. His novel 2001: A Space Odyssey, in particular. He was a major influence on my work. I think humbly that all my works are imitating and honouring his work. One of the newspapers in the US said I was the Arthur C. Clarke of China, this was a great accolade that meant very much to me.

Other books that have influenced me are War and Peace by Tolstoy and 1984 by George Orwell.

What will be the greatest change to mankind?

There are two things that could be key. One would be AI, and there are two aspects to this.

The shallow aspect of this change will be that between 70 and 80 % of jobs can be replaced. This is already happening. When that happens, it will fundamentally change human society in every way – economically, politically, and culturally. We are afraid to face this change now, but we will have to adapt.

The deeper impact of AI is when they gain their own consciousness. This will have a very big impact on us because we, as a species, have never faced something more intelligent than ourselves.

The second change is genetic engineering. This will change our own biology, extending people’s lives by two or three times the length. That is going to fundamentally change how our society operates.

There could be a possibility that these will combine: AI and genetic modification. We would then evolve our own evolution and become cyber-beings.

If you could preserve one thing in such a way that it would survive until the Sun died, what would it be?

We would all have died when the sun dies, therefore I see this as what do we want to leave behind for those future civilisations that follow us. In Japan, they have built a hard drive with information that will be safe for a hundred million years. I would choose this and something that would decipher this information. I would as put as much information about the Earth in there as possible.

What advice do you have for the teenage version of yourself?

I am an ordinary person, except in one way: I did not let my childhood dream go. My childhood dream was to be a writer, and I held onto it. When you grow up you let these dreams go, many people do. I did not. I followed my dream. When I was young, I wanted to be a scientist and I thought everyone did too. I decided to be an engineer so I could write my science fiction in my free time, and it worked. I can now dive into being a writer. This is a unique aspect of my life that most people I have met did not follow through. So I would tell myself, change nothing.

Cixin Liu’s latest novel The Weight of Memories is available now.

Leigh Bardugo | CROOKED KINGDOM

Leigh Bardugo is a New York Times bestselling novelist, most known for her Young Adult fantasy Grisha novels. STARBURST caught up with her to talk about her latest book Crooked Kingdom, her upcoming Wonder Woman novel for DC and her plans for her first adult series…

STARBURST: How did the writing process for Crooked Kingdom compare to that of Six of Crows? You didn’t have a big heist to plan this time around but the plot is still very complex and interwoven.

Leigh Bardugo: Crooked Kingdom was in some ways much tougher to write because it’s not one heist, it’s a whole bunch of small heists and cons and scams. And where Six of Crows follows a very traditional heist structure I wanted to really give the reader a sense of claustrophobia in Crooked Kingdom, so you have them trapped in their own town. Instead of breaking into someplace, they’re actually trying to break out. I wanted the heist and the plans to almost become like a Russian nesting doll where the reader felt more and more the walls closing in around them as things started to go wrong.

Kaz, Inej and the rest of the gang have such vibrant personalities. Were you always in control of them or did they ever develop in ways you weren’t expecting?

People always ask that question differently; they say ‘what do you do when your character takes over’ and I always think, oh come on, I wish they would take over and that I could feel out of control with them.

But the way you’ve phrased this is really interesting. I think that all the characters surprised me a little bit because when I build a story I structure the plot: I outline the plot but I don’t know very much about the characters early on.

The process of writing them is an uncomfortable one of getting to know them and getting to the emotional places I want to take them, but none of those things feel earned early on, they feel incredibly awkward. I knew Kaz had experienced a trauma, but I didn’t know the specifics of that trauma. And I knew what Inej’s past was but I needed to do a lot of research into the emotional implications of that past.

So honestly, they all surprised me because those are the spaces I leave in the story to keep it interesting for me as I write – the histories of these characters change the way they interact.

It’s hard not to love these characters, even though they – well, mainly Kaz – do some pretty nasty things. What do you think is the key to creating anti-heroes that readers can still get behind?

 

I think the key is competence. I think we’ll forgive a character a great deal if they are very good at what they do. And Kaz is very good at what he does. We love to watch people outsmart others, we love to see them use skills that we do not have. So all of the characters in Six of Crows are very skillful and even Wylan comes into his particular skillset. I think with an anti-hero, the moments when you start to see their competence decrease are when you start to see their vulnerability increase.

Particularly in Kaz there is tremendous tension, as he has built this myth around himself, but he has also bought into a lot of myths about himself. And a lot of the skills that he has that enable him to survive, in the long term are the kinds of things that will destroy you. The inability to have legitimate quality relationships with people is a really hard way to live. And you see a lot of this play out over the course of Six of Crows and then in Crooked Kingdom in a really big way.

Cards on the table time. Was there one character in particular – or perhaps a pairing of characters – that you enjoyed writing for the most?

**SPOILERS**

I loved writing the romance between Wylan and Jesper because they are at the beginning; they are falling in love and I think that that is always an exciting point in a relationship to write.

Kaz and Inej was the hardest relationship to write because they are both carrying so much trauma with them and they both deserve a lot of love – and have a lot of it to give. They both have incredibly obstructed access to those emotions and ways of speaking about how they feel. For me, that level of restraint and damage is really powerful to write, but it is also so difficult.

These books deal with some serious real-world issues as well e.g. rape, human trafficking and PTSD. Were you ever worried that these subjects would be too much for a YA novel? Or were you deliberately trying to push the boundaries?

You know, I don’t think I really pushed the boundaries, and I don’t think there is a lot to be gained from pushing the boundaries for the sake of being edgy or gritty. I never want my readers to leave a book without any sense of hope. And I also wanted my readers from the Grisha trilogy to be able to follow me to this world, without feeling like they had been betrayed by the content, essentially.

That said, I don’t think you can talk about things like sexual slavery or forced labour, or PTSD and not do it honestly with them, so I was always walking a line. It was more important to me to deal with those subjects in a way that was respectful of the fact that these are still real world issues that people are dealing with every day, and to deal with them in a way that felt emotionally honest and that didn’t feel like it was just plot fodder.

No matter how respectful you are of a subject, on some level, you are exploiting it and I think you have to be very conscious about that. I really hate stories where you see trauma or emotional disability dealt with in an unrealistic way.

You have written a Wonder Woman novel for DC, slated to hit shelves next summer. Can you tell us how that came about? And also, how did you approach writing for such an iconic character? 

I think that a big part of the reason that I got the Wonder Woman job was because I had written an essay on Wonder Woman and my love for her – but my love hate relationship with superhero comics. That essay is in a book called Last Night A Superhero Saved My Life.

As far as the approach to writing her? There were certain things that I had to keep in mind because DC wanted me to adhere to cannon, but luckily they gave me quite a lot of room to play. So my goal was to try to tell a good story for a character who is important to a lot of people,  some who have really never even picked up a comic book, or maybe don’t even know that much about her background, but know that she is unique among heroes. Not only is she incredibly strong and powerful, she is also very kind and empathetic. I wanted to keep all of those things intact.

And finally, you have previously said that you plan to take a break from the Grishaverse for a while. So can you give us any teasers about what is next for you after Wonder Woman?

I’ll be writing my first adult series, a new fantasy called Ninth House set in the world of Yale’s secret societies. It’s a story that’s been haunting me for years.

The latest in the Crooked Kingdom books is out now.

Jon Spira | ELSTREE 1976

Jon Spira and his crew have made what may be the ultimate Star Wars documentary, without it actually being about the film. It focuses on the ‘bit part’ players, those behind the masks and make-up that have made the film the classic it is. We caught up with his as the film is finally released on DVD in the UK to find out more…

STARBURST: How did the project originally come about?

Jon Spira: I was teaching at a film workshop in Oxford and John Chapman was one of my students. One day, he revealed that he had been in Star Wars; I think I looked a bit cynical so he took me to his car and showed me that his boot was filled with boxes of 10×8 photos that he took to conventions around the country to sign. That night, I went home and stuck the DVD on to see if I could spot him and eventually identified the back of his head in one single shot. I then went along to a convention and saw this bizarre world that he was a part of. It chimed very heavily with some themes I’d been exploring in my previous documentary Anyone Can Play Guitar, about people who existed on the fringes of huge pop culture phenomenon, so it was just a world I wanted to explore.

You have a long list of names that helped finance the documentary through the Kickstarter campaign. How much did you propose getting from them in terms of funding and how long did it take to get the funding together?

We aimed for 30k, we got just over 42k. By then we had shot the first round of all interviews and thought we just needed that much to technically finish the film but ultimately legal expenses and an extended post production period meant we had to seek outside funding and ended up getting additional funding from the brilliant folks at the British Film Company and Verax films. Funding was a constant process, which really carried on right up until the day we finished the film completely.

Has Lucasfilm seen the documentary and how much resistance have you received from them in terms of securing clips etc.?

I have no idea. It’s on American Netflix, so you’d hope so. It’d be nice if they dropped us a line. We had one letter from them just telling us that we shouldn’t make the film and they wouldn’t licence us the clips so we did the whole thing under a legal process called Fair Use. To be honest, I never planned to use many clips from Star Wars and, as you can see in the film, we played about with that footage so much I don’t think they feel like film clips. We’ve completely repurposed every image we’ve used and made it into something very different.

Who was your favourite subject to interview and who was impossible to get for the documentary?

In some ways, they’re all my favourites, every interview was completely different and a really enlightening experience in their own ways. I couldn’t pick a favourite; I think they’re all so engaging when they talk. We didn’t have an agenda as to whom to interview – the only rule was that they had to be in the first SW film and had to have their face obscured by a mask or helmet. I didn’t have a want list. I knew that any human being has a great story if you’re prepared to sit down and let them tell you it.

Kenny Baker actually told us to fuck off, though.

The film doesn’t show too much on-set footage. Was that down to rights or was it a deliberate strategy to focus on the individuals?

I just had no interest in making a behind the scenes film about the making of Star Wars. The making of that film has been covered to excruciating detail. This is a film about what happens to a person’s life when they have a tiny connection to a pop culture juggernaut. The actual experience of making Star Wars was way less interesting to me than how they got there  and how the experience coloured the rest of their lives for  the next 40 years. So instead of using on-set footage, we shot our own. We got a bunch of costumes and found a crazy old building that hadn’t been modernised since the ‘70s and set up shots that showed the tedium and monotony of being an extra on that film.

It is surprising to see David Prowse as part of the documentary, considering he plays the figure of Darth Vader physically, though not vocally. Some would think he is a main part, rather than a support or extra, a character on the same plateau as the hero legends. How co-operative was he in terms of the interviews?

I was kind of ambivalent about interviewing Dave for exactly that reason – Darth Vader is probably the most iconic character in Star Wars but the very fact that it’s not his voice and, in fact, there were other people wearing the costume when he fights and does stunts, and of course when the helmet is finally removed, there’s another actor in there entirely – it actually raises the question of what sets him apart from any of the other performers in masks and helmets besides more screen time. We bring Jeremy Bulloch in towards the end of the film to give his perspective on the convention scene and when you think about Boba Fett, who is probably the most popular character in Star Wars, you have to ask how much of that is performance and how much is just the costume? He pretty much just stands still or walks forwards. I think you see in Elstree 1976 that Dave, in particular, struggles with this. He feels an immense ownership of the character and in some ways has become quite bitter and delusional about his contribution. Since we filmed the interview with him, he’s appeared in two quite bizarre fan documentaries which seem intent on righting his perceived wrongs; in one of them he reshoots the end of Return of the Jedi so that its him when the mask comes off and in another he re-records all of the dialogue and processes it digitally in an attempt to prove that he could have done better than James Earl Jones. It’s just so fascinating to watch. Dave is a lovely man, he’s warm and generous, he’s great with the fans and he’s  lovely company but I’d only ever seen these diametrically opposing views of him – which in Star Wars fandom he’s either perceived as an egotistical monster  or a cuddly old avuncular granddad. I saw both sides of him during the very long interview I did with him and I think Elstree 1976 is the first time that a rounded view of him that shows how great he is but also how warped his view of things has become.

What was the shooting schedule on the film? Was it an on-and-off shoot?

It was an on-off schedule. We shot the first round of interviews with all ten interviewees over probably a couple of months. Some of them we did two in a day. Then we went off and edited a first cut, thought about what was missing what we wanted to focus on in greater depth, then we went and did an extra day with each of them, usually at their homes or where they worked, where we also shot footage of them interacting with their lives for b-roll. Then we did a day filming the recreation footage of the SW set, we also shot in Elstree Studios for a day – at their invitation, they’ve been incredibly supportive. Throughout the whole production period, over several years, we shot at various conventions, too.

Did you have a list of prepared questions or were some of the proposed answers improvised and unexpected?

I had a list of questions but I don’t think I ever used them. I opened every interview with the question ‘how do you define yourself’ because it’s such a stupidly big question it immediately kicks them into a slightly more reflective gear and sets the tone well. I don’t really ask questions, I’m quite a quiet interviewer. I tend to just let people talk and talk because eventually they will lead themselves to a place of meaning and personal philosophy. People love to talk about themselves and analyse themselves and I’d rather facilitate that than segment  and regiment our conversation with set questions. Also, I interview for a very long time – 2 to 3 hours at least – so I like it to be organic and see where it takes us.

Did anyone change their mind about being filmed and interviewed after you filmed them who didn’t want to be part of the project?

Yes, but they all signed release forms so they didn’t have a choice. It’s a strange film, quite melancholic and thoughtful, and although we tried to explain to all of our interviewees  that this wasn’t a fan film and wasn’t about Star Wars so much as about the impact of Star Wars on them as  people, some of them were horrified when they saw the first trailer. Eventually, they all trusted us and stayed with the project and when they finally saw the finished film and saw what we’d been trying to bring to the screen, we got really positive feedback from them and many of them have been actively promoting it.

How did you plan the shoot and what did you shoot on camera-wise?

We shot on a Canon 5d Mark iii and a Canon 7d. Planning was simple. We had a tiny crew of myself, producer Hank, DP Sonny and sound recordist Sherrylee. So we’d all just pile into a car and go and shoot it. Nice and easy.

Who of the subjects has the most memorabilia and who is the most popular at conventions?

Jeremy has the most memorabilia. His collection of Boba Fetts is unbelievable. I’d say either he or Dave is the most popular at conventions. I’d imagine it’s fairly equal. The crowds they get are massive. As Dave says in the film, he can sign nonstop from 9am to 6pm without taking any breaks. Their queues are constant.

Will you be planning Elstree 1980 and Elstree 1983 in conjunction with the releases of The Empire Strikes Back and Return of the Jedi in the next few years, a bit like Michael Apted with the 7-UP series of films?

Haha. No. I think my time in the sci-fi world is done for now. 7-Up was a huge influence on me, though. I think you’ll find a lot of stylistic commonality between that and Elstree 1976.

Finally, what was your favourite memory of shooting the documentary?

There’s a moment in the film where you find out that Anthony Forrest, despite being the “These aren’t the droids we’re looking for” Stormtrooper, reveals that he was present for another hugely significant moment in pop culture history.

When he revealed that, it just blew my mind. But the whole shoot was fun. I make these films with my friends and we all care so much about making meaningful, interesting films that it’s all very pleasurable.

Elstree 1976 is released on DVD on November 14th and is reviewed here.

Isabelle Allen | LET’S BE EVIL

We catch up Isabelle Allen – the face of the big screen version of Les Miserables -and now the star of Let’s Be Evil, now available on VOD…

STARBURST: Tell us about your character in LET’S BE EVIL…

Isabelle Allen: My character Cassandra is a clever girl who comes across as very sweet to Miss Jenny, one of the chaperones. But there is another side to her as the story unfolds.

It must be such a contrast going from an Award-winning film like Les Miserables to this low-budget film. How did you get the opportunity to do this film and what attracted you to it?

I was put forward for an audition. When I read the script it looked very exciting and the role was very interesting and challenging.

How have your family reacted to the film?

My family loved it! They actually spent quite a lot of time on set with me so they were keen to see the completed film. I think they have watched it a few times now.

The film is technology-based in tone and story. Do you like technology and what it can offer?

I really like technology and how it has evolved. I am not an expert when it comes to technology but I enjoy using it and it amazes me.

How do you keep yourself grounded as a teenager?

I spend a lot of time with my family and friends and I do what any other teenage girl would do, such as shopping with my friends, family movie nights. I also go to a normal school, mixing and socialising with friends every day. My family have always been keen to make sure my feet are firmly on the ground and I think of myself as a normal school girl who just happens to do films and acting.

How did you get on with both the children and your adult co-stars in the film?

I really liked working with the other children they were very sweet and became very friendly with them. I loved working with the adult co-stars. I have become very good friends with the adult cast and crew. I would say we have become like one big family.

What was it like working with the director Martin Owen?

I really loved being directed by Martin. He is lovely. He is a perfectionist and he has a really patient nature. We still keep in touch and he has been a real help to me. We worked really hard but He made filming fun.

Cassandra comes across as different to the other children in the film. Sometimes being different makes you a target for other children. Do you have a good group of friends your age?

I have a really good group of friends, both at school and through acting as well. I am very lucky to have friends who treat me exactly the same way as they treat anyone else. We have a lot of fun.

What are your favourite school subjects?

Obviously, I love Drama, and I also like Art. I will be taking Drama, Art, Music, and Textiles as my specialist GCSE subjects.

When you grow up, would you like to be somebody in front of or behind the camera?

That is a good question because whilst I am very keen to continue to act in front of the camera I think it might be interesting to learn the skills of directing at some stage of my career.

Who are your heroes in life?

My family are my ultimate heroes in life, but in acting it has to be Anne Hathaway and Hugh Jackman because they have been such an inspiration to me.  Hugh still keeps in touch by e mail on a regular basis. It is always lovely to hear from him.

What sorts of games do you like playing?

I like a lot of sporting games, but I really like a good game of charades. !!

What films and TV programmes do you enjoy watching in your spare time?

I love watching reality TV shows like Made in Chelsea and Americas Next Top Model , but I recently really got into the new TV drama called Victoria. The acting was fantastic and I love the fact that is true British history.

What was the last book you read?

A book called This is What Happy Look Like written by Jennifer E Smith.

Finally, what is your ultimate dream?

My dream is have a happy and successful acting career and to travel the world doing it. I want to take on really challenging roles like the challenge Eddie Redmayne had when he played Stephen Hawking in the theory of everything. That was incredible.

Let’s Be Evil
is available on VOD now.